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1

W stolicy „sfery nieosiedlenia” – poznańska prasa o stosunku samorządu miasta Poznania do Żydów w latach 1918-1939

100%
Kozińska-Witt H.
Kwartalnik Historii Żydow
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2012
|
issue 2(242)
162-190
EN
The author reviews the opinions of Poznań newspapers about the Jews residing in the city and press reports about the reviewing of matters related to the Jewish minority at the city council. She looks at the historic background: the post-WWI exchange of inhabitants and the Polonization of the town, the exodus of German Jews, with the place vacated by them taken by Jews from the former Congress Kingdom and Galicia, their cultural and social isolation in the town. The significant influence of the region’s national democrats is also emphasized, along with mentions of programs of driving out or blocking the movement of the Jews to Wielkopolska region, and a review of the reaction to anti-Jewish unrest. Next to presenting the debates and administrative practices, the author seeks to answer the question about the actual role of the “Jewish question”, in view of the low actual number of Jews in the city.
2

JEWS IN THE CITY BOOKS OF COURT AND JURY USING THE EXAMPLE OF ZOLKIEW IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES (Zydzi w ksiegach miejskich sadu wójtowsko-lawniczego na przykladzie Zólkwi w XVII i XVIII wieku)

80%
Gasiorowski S.
Kwartalnik Historii Żydow
|
2010
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issue 1(233)
5-17
EN
The article presents one of the sources for the study of the history of Jews on pre-1795 Poland, namely the city books of the court and jury, using the example of preserved volumes coming from the archives of the private town of Zólkiew (now Zhovkva in Ukraine) from the 17th and 18th centuries, the bulk of which have been deposited in the Library of the Ivan Franko Institute in Lviv. These materials constitute an invaluable treasury of knowledge about the organization of the Jewish community, members of its board and its activity and the real estate held by it (including the synagogue, cemetery or hospital). They also contain information concerning onomastics, Jewish trades and guilds, taxes paid and debts incurred by Jews, customs and Christian-Jewish relations. However, when using this source one should remember that next to various benefits, one can come across certain risks inherent in its specific nature, which makes it indispensable to subject such content to scientific scrutiny.
3

THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN TYSZOWCE IN SIXTEENTH-EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES (Gmina zydowska w Tyszowcach w XVI-XVIII wieku)

80%
Frykowski J.
Kwartalnik Historii Żydow
|
2011
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issue 1(237)
91-106
EN
In the period reviewed in the article Tyszowce was a royal town situated in Belz voivodship. The town's convenient location and friendly legislation influenced the settlement of Jews at the locality already in the early 16th century. The first record of Jewish settlers dates back to 1528. From that moment, the number of members of this group steadily increased, with only brief exceptions. In the 16th and 17th century, the Jews accounted for between 16 and 49% of the town's population. Information about Tyszowce's Jewish community and its officials is fragmentary. The oldest mention about the synagogue in Tyszowce dates back to 1668. We can learn about the Jewish school from the register of damage caused to it by fire in 1645, about a hospital from an entry from 1762 and a mention of a bath was made three years later. Tyszowce Jews engaged in crafts, commerce and lease of mills, breweries, distilleries, wax shops, city taxes, duties, etc. Many of them operated in the food processing sector, as butchers, bakers, meadmakers or distillers. In addition to them there were tailors, hatmakers, fullers, a cordovan maker, furriers, wax collectors, pine tar makers and joiners. Barbers, teachers and musicians represented the service crafts. The sources demonstrate that the Jewish population was an active component of the Tyszowce community and made an everlasting contribution to the town's history.
4

ČLOVEK - TÉMA - ÚSTAV ETNOLOÓGIE SAV ALEBO HĽADANIE (SEBA A TÉMY) NA OSTROVE POZITÍVNEJ DEVIÁCIE

80%
Salner P.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
|
2006
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
105-109
EN
Basing on his scientific involvement in the field of ethnology in the totalitarian era, the author reflects on: (a)- a personal path leading to the study of urban ethnology; (b)- the reasons for shift or interest to the issue of Jewish community and distinctive features of his research; (c)- whether and how the Institut of Ethnology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences served the function of an 'island of positive deviation' in the totalitarian period.
5
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Jewish Legends from Kraków

80%
Grozinger K. E.
Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia
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2010
|
vol. 8
61-67
EN
When I came to Krakow for the first time several years ago and tried to get some information about the Jewish Krakow, among the first-hand information I was offered in the bookshops were a few small booklets with legends about the Jews in this town. This is nothing special, for wherever one goes as a tourist one gets the same genre of literature: local legends and tales. It seems, therefore, that the popular legends indeed offer the first-hand information about the specific climate and the self-estimation of the inhabitants at a specific place. It is obviously the tales of a city that infuse life to its stones and places more than all exact historical data one can gather. The legend gives, so to speak, a short-hand résumé of the most typical and central features as well as the spirit of a place.
6

ŽIDOVSKÁ KOMUNITA V ROKU PANDÉMIE (PRÍPADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA)

70%
Salner P.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
|
2021
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vol. 28
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issue 2
8- 23
EN
This paper analyses how the Jewish community in Bratislava dealt with the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic that took place between the 1st March 2020 and 30 May 2021. Because the public health measures in force at the time rendered traditional ethnological research methods inapplicable, the author’s main source of information was the online communication of the leadership and administration of the Bratislava Jewish Religious Community (JRC) with its members. On the 9th March 2020, the government implemented the first battery of public health measures. Already on the same day, the JRC released a newsletter encouraging its members to observe the authorities’ guidance. It also cancelled all of its scheduled activities. The leadership would go on to distribute masks and hygiene supplies to the oldest members of the community, facilitate the vaccination of Holocaust survivors. Part of Slovak society compared restrictions on social contacts, a mask mandate, and a limitation on free movement to the suffering of the Jews in the Wartime Slovak State, highlighting this supposed parallel by wearing yellow stars. The effective limits on social contacts brought communal life within the community to a standstill, which had a particular effect on the older generations. The pandemic also inevitably led to a ban on communal worship and necessitated adjustments in the observance of traditional Jewish holidays, particularly Pesach. In many families, the communal Seder supper was held online via Zoom or Skype. The community had also to improvise during Hannukah, with an Orthodox or liberal rabbi assisting in the lighting of candles in the homes of members who requested it.
7

Żydowscy mieszkańcy Dolnego Śląska. Od okresu powojennego do współczesności

70%
Waszkiewicz E.
Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne
|
2011
|
vol. 12
248-257
EN
This article describes characteristics of the Jewish community, which in terms of number, was the largest in Lower Silesia created after the Second World War. Functioning Jewish schools, work and workshop co-operatives, community and cultural organisations, political parties and religious organisations (congregation of the Moses denomination — currently the name of the community) were dependent on domestic state politics and also on the international situation. Within the life of the Jewish community in Lower Silesia, it is possible to distinguish specific periods: 1945–1950, 1950–1957, 1957–1968, 1968–1989, 1989–2006 and 2006–2010. The study is an attempt to describe the community-religious dynamics of the Jews in Lower Silesia — from its prime, through times of emigration and extinction — to the first ten years of the twenty-first century which again has become a period of returning to the cultivation of Jewish identity in a spiritual and organisational sense. An important role in the organisational life of Lower Silesian Jews was played by legal regulations issued by the Polish state. Their description will also be included in the article.
8

NIEKDAJŠIA ŽIDOVSKÁ KOMUNITA V DOLNÝCH A HORNÝCH SALIBÁCH

61%
Bányai V., Kormos S.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2009
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vol. 12
|
issue 1
-
EN
One can find only a few short surveys in the regional literature about two small Jewish neighbouring settlements in Matyusfold. On the basis of them one can broadly outline their history. This study analyzes two sources which have not been used in literature: the cemeteries and the civil registers. Findings from these and other sources should broaden our understanding of these communities. The cemeteries and the civil register comprehend almost the same period: a half century between the last decade of the 19th century and the end of the 1940s, with a lot of references back to the middle of the 19th century. These records offer an insight into the migration of the Jewish families to the herein examined villages, to their practice of name-giving, the social composition and the religious institutions of the local Jewish community, the consequences of the anti-Jewish legislation and the fate of the Jews in Saliby during the Holocaust.
9

ŽIDOVSTVO V ASIMILOVANEJ NUKLEÁRNEJ RODINE TRETEJ POHOLOKAUSTOVEJ GENERÁCIE

61%
Pešťanská Z.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
|
2014
|
vol. 62
|
issue 1
30 – 44
EN
Through a chosen example, this paper presents an interpretation of talks about Jewishness in a present-day nuclear family of the third post-Holocaust generation. The author ś aim was to describe one of many variants of the presentation of Jewishness in a secularised mixed family in Slovakia in an urban environment. The wife in the studied couple is Jewish, and the husband is non-Jewish. Through this concrete family, the author sought to interpret: a) in what form has a family of members of the Jewish community survived in the current conditions in Slovakia; b) what is the impact on this form of the restoration of positive Jewish identity in the 1990s; c) how a family life-cycle influences the extent and the ways of consumption of Jewishness in the public and private spheres.
10

Obecność Żydów w Warszawie w XVI-XVIII wieku

61%
Fijałkowski P.
Kwartalnik Historii Żydow
|
2012
|
issue 1(241)
5-17
EN
Since 1527, Warsaw enjoyed a privilege forbidding Jews from settling in the town and the suburbs. They were only allowed to be in Warsaw during Sejm meetings and when taking their petitions to the royal court. From the turn of the 17th century more and more Jews were settling in private estates surrounding Warsaw, and later in the town itself. Around the mid-18th century they formed self-government structures, which constituted a germ of the future community. Officially the authorities did not recognize the existence of the community, but in practice they willingly communicated with the Jewish community via the structures established by it. In Praga, the Warsaw district on the right bank of the Vistula, the existence of the Jewish community was only recognized by the authorities in 1775, while on the left bank this did not happen until after 1795. For those confessing tej Judaic faith the most important thing was that from the middle of the 18th century they could satisfy their religious needs thant to gradual formation of self-government structures, whose powers encompassed the most important areas of life.
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