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1

JORDAN IN THE STRUGGLE FOR ITS OWN SURVIVAL, 1967 – 1974

100%

Sorby Jr. K.

Asian and African Studies

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2022

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vol. 31

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issue 2

235 – 250

EN

Israel was in occupation of the Sinai Peninsula, the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and the West Bank of the River Jordan by the 10th June 1967. The effect on all three countries was devastating, but especially for Jordan, which lost a third of its population and its prime agricultural land, and control of the Islamic and Christian sites in Jerusalem. The enormity of the defeat brought about a great change in the attitude of the Palestinians, a large number of whom now became convinced that the Arab regimes were either unable or unwilling to liberate Palestine. The Palestine Liberation Organization’s new tactics began to pose a severe threat to the continuation of the Jordanian monarchy, so in 1970 its guerrillas were driven out of Jordan. Over the next few years the Jordanian government gradually reasserted its authority over the country. Jordan did not participate in the war of October 1973. However, King Ḥusayn, along with his fellow Arab leaders, was obliged to recognize the PLO as the “sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people” at the Rabat Arab summit in October 1974, which inevitably diminished both his authority, and much of what was left of his appeal, on the West Bank.

2

THE SEPARATIST PERIOD IN SYRIA, 1961- 1963

100%

Sorby K. R.

Asian and African Studies

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2009

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vol. 18

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issue 2

145-168

EN

On 28 September 1961 a group of Syrian army officers rebelled and announced Syria's secession from the United Arab Republic. A new government was hastily formed from conservative (reactionary) Syrian politicians. Jamal Abdannaoir initially contemplated intervening, but changed his mind when all resistance rapidly faded to the coup. It was a time for his many enemies both in the Middle East and elsewhere to triumph. Western governments were delighted, but equally the leaders of Iraq, Jordan and Saudi Arabia did nothing to conceal their pleasure. However, pan-Arab emotion was a powerful factor in a further coup in Iraq on 8 February 1963. Syria's fragile government could not long resist the joint pressure from Cairo and Baghdad. Exactly one month after the Iraqi revolt, a military coup in Damascus swept aside all the men who had been in power since the break-up of the UAR.

3

VPLYV CESTOVNÉHO RUCHU NA ZMENY V ZAMESTNANIACH BEDUÍNOV V JORDÁNSKEJ PETRE

86%

Kučírek T.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2014

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vol. 21

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issue 1

131 – 143

EN

Bedouin culture is considered as a core part of Arab culture. Basic idea of Bedouin identity is derived from pastoral nomadic life in desert. Concept of Bedouin identity changes dramatically in time. Bedouins in Middle East were affected in 20th century by massive global changes. Life they endured during thousands of years changed in few decades. During the process of sedentarization they were forced to change methods of acquiring livelihood. A specific situation occurred in tourism destinations. Petra in Jordan is listed as a top tourist attraction in the county. Here, old Nabataean monuments were inhabited by local Bedouin communities for hundreds of years. With development of mass tourism on location Bedouins were moved to newly constructed village of Umm Sayhun outside of Petra. Bedouins had to give up on traditional ways of living and to focus on new jobs connected to tourism. Today the vast majority of them work in tourism sector. Bedouin in Petra changed from nomad and shepherd to local tourist guide or to souvenir seller. New jobs caused changes in local culture and led to formation of unique culture, different from other Bedouin communities in Jordan.

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2 Asian and African Studies

1 Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

1 Kučírek T.

1 Sorby Jr. K.

1 Sorby K. R.

1 2022

1 2014

1 2009

JORDAN IN THE STRUGGLE FOR ITS OWN SURVIVAL, 1967 – 1974

THE SEPARATIST PERIOD IN SYRIA, 1961- 1963

VPLYV CESTOVNÉHO RUCHU NA ZMENY V ZAMESTNANIACH BEDUÍNOV V JORDÁNSKEJ PETRE