Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 12

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  JUDGMENT
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

DECONSTRUCTING THE CONSTITUENCY OF THE PUBLIC REASON. TAKING SYSTEMATIC CONSPIRACY THEORISTS OUT OF THE LEGITIMATION POOL

100%
Dumitru A.-C.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2020
|
vol. 75
|
issue 4
263 – 278
EN
In the present article I argue that there is a class of conspiracy theorists that pose a threat to liberal democratic regimes, who tend to subscribe to potentially harmful conspiracy theories and can be regarded as unreasonable in two ways: i) do not accept the burdens of judgment; ii) are not motivated by a sense of justice. If we endorse political liberalism, we ought to partially exclude these citizens from the legitimation pool. The qualifier “partially” is important here, as I only endorse their exclusion qua bearers of an unreasonable conception. To the extent that they can employ other arguments, they will continue to be a part of the legitimation pool. Towards the end of the paper I investigate a potential counterargument to my position, which could be addressed by someone who postulates a Waldronian right to do wrong. I show that Quong’s distinction between a right to do wrong and a non-right to be unreasonable can be extended in this instance and thus invalidate this potential criticism.
2
Content available remote

Rozhodovací procesy při zodpovídání výzkumných dotazů

100%
Vinopal J.
Naše společnost (Our Society)
|
2008
|
vol. 6
|
issue 1
9-14
EN
The article stands as the third part of a series about the question answering process during standardized surveys and elaborates the judgment making phase. The first part deals with attitude questions. In this regard, relevant theories of the nature of attitude are explained (true attitude model, construal model, the belief-sampling model); context effects that influence decision-making processes in the course of answering are described (i.e. the inclusion/exclusion model) and the effect of affective reactions like emotions is mentioned. In the second part concrete strategies and criterions of decision making are showed, which respondents use in the course of survey question answering process. This is done both with regard to factual and attitudinal questions.
3
Content available remote

Franciszka Brentana koncepcja istnienia

100%
Łukasiewicz D.
Filo-Sofija
|
2011
|
vol. 11
|
issue 4(15)
899-909
EN
The paper presents Franz Brentano’s theory of existence. In particular, we discuss Brentano’s arguments for the thesis that existence is not a predicate. The most important role in the defense of such a concept of existence is played by the theory of judgment, according to which, judging consists in the acceptance or rejection of the object of presentation. However, the analysis of Brentano’s arguments for the existential theory of judgment demonstrates that there are no sufficient reasons to accept Brentano’s thesis concerning the nature of existence.
4
Content available remote

U źródeł Seinsfrage. Martina Heideggera Pytanie i sąd

88%
Sobota D.
Filo-Sofija
|
2012
|
vol. 12
|
issue 1(16)
127-148
EN
This paper presents the beginnings (1912–1916) of Heidegger’s philosophy from the perspective of his early interest in the issue of question as such. The result of this focus was Heidegger’s little-known lecture delivered in 1915 at Heinrich Rickert’s seminar, entitled Frage und Urteil (Question and judgment). Without going into the details of Heidegger’s presentation, the present paper gives a broad introduction to the issues discussed there. It does this in several steps. First, it considers the spiritual motives of Heidegger’s interest in logic. Second, it attempts to systematize Heidegger’s early views on logic and its subject. Third, it draws attention to the importance and development of Heidegger’s phenomenologica of questions. Fourth, it points out that Heidegger’s interest in the question as such is closely linked with numerous (in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century) attempts to consider the problem of question in the framework of the philosophical study of the essence of cognition and being. These four issues create a starting point for understanding the specifics of Heidegger’s question of being.
5

SÚDNOSŤ A (S)PRÁVNE ROZHODOVANIE

88%
Gábriš T.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
|
2020
|
vol. 103
|
issue 2
69 – 85
EN
The dual issue of judgment and decision-making is currently popular especially in behavioural economics, emphasizing the “bounded rationality” of a human being. However, it is originally a topic of decision theory, which is now being explored more broadly also from the perspective of cognitive sciences, combining knowledge of psychology, philosophy, linguistics, computer science and neuroscience. In addition to its use in economics, the application of respective theories becomes gradually more and more popular also in the field of moral decision-making and in general in practical decision-making of professionals, where medical doctors or judges are most often invoked as examples. This paper takes this route in focusing on the faculty of judgment and on decision-making of lawyers – in particular judges and attorneys.
6

PRACTICAL AUTHORITY OF NORMATIVE BELIEFS: TOWARD AN INTEGRATED THEORY OF PRACTICAL RATIONALITY

88%
Audi R.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2013
|
vol. 20
|
issue 4
527 – 545
EN
People who do not act on their judgments regarding what they ought to do—their practical judgments—are often considered weak-willed, especially when the judgment is made at a time when the act it favours is plainly possible. Is this a kind of practical irrationality, perhaps due to incoherence between practical reason, which should guide intention and action, and behaviour that fails to conform to a guiding directive? More generally, do normative beliefs with the same kind of self-directive content as practical judgments possess the same sort of rational authority, if indeed they must have any such authority? At least since Aristotle, weak-willed action has often been considered irrational. This paper indicates why that view is plausible, but also why it is too strong. The paper shows how the practical authority of normative judgments can be overridden and why, on the theory of rational action suggested by analysis of such cases, certain initially plausible action-guiding principles are too strong. The concluding part of the paper briefly indicates how that theory can do justice to the analogy between practical and theoretical reason and to the essential connection between the two.
7

HOW “AMOR FATI” BECAME NIETZSCHE’S FORMULA FOR LEARNING TO LOVE NECESSITY AND HUMAN THRIVING

75%
Gellens S.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2021
|
vol. 76
|
issue 6
465 – 479
EN
This article addresses the ongoing debate on the meaning and scope of Nietzsche’s formula for human greatness: “amor fati”. Identifying and exploring the constituents of “amor fati”, the article reconstructs the intellectual genesis of the philosophical concept in Nietzsche’s writings and substantiates, through textual, chronological, and conceptual analysis, the pivotal meaning of these constituents (fate, love, and the judging activity of the body). This article provides insight into how “amor fati” functions as a transformative mind-set, denoting a learning process between individuals and the world they inhabit, thereby allowing individuals to foster the highest form of interaction between their inner and outer environment.
8

EXPERIENCE WITH THE PRODUCT DOES NOT AFFECT THE ANCHORING EFFECT, BUT THE RELEVANCE OF THE ANCHOR INCREASES IT

75%
Bavoľár J.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2017
|
vol. 65
|
issue 3
282 – 293
EN
The anchoring effect belongs to one of the most extensively studied cognitive biases in judgment and has been shown to be robust in a variety of domains and conditions. This current study on 100 adolescents in Slovakia (aged 16 – 18, 62% females) investigates the role of the anchor relevance and the familiarity of products on one’s willingness-to-pay. The presence of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic has been confirmed in the Slovak cultural environment. The magnitude of the anchoring effect is not affected by previous experience with the product. However, the effect is higher when the anchors are relevant. By this, the effect was higher when the anchor was the price paid by other people, rather than when it was the result of obviously irrelevant mathematical operations.
9

DVADSIATE VÝROČIE PRIJATIA ROZSUDKU MEDZINÁRODNÉHO SÚDNEHO DVORA VO VECI SÚSTAVY VODNÝCH DIEL GABČÍKOVO – NAGYMAROS

75%
Vršanský P.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
|
2018
|
vol. 101
|
issue 2
128 – 141
EN
In its Judgment of 25 September 1997, the Court asserted that Hungary was not entitled to suspend and subsequently abandon, in 1989, the works on the Nagymaros project and on the part of the Gabčíkovo project for which it was responsible. Czechoslovakia was entitled to proceed, in November 1991, to the “provisional solution“. On the other hand, Czechoslovakia was not entitled to put into operation, from October 1992. The Court decided that Hungary and Slovakia must negotiate in good faith in the light of the prevailing situation and must take all necessary measures to ensure the achievement of the objectives of the said Treaty, in accordance with such modalities as they might agree upon. Hungary was to compensate Slovakia for the damage sustained by Czechoslovakia and by Slovakia. Slovakia was to compensate Hungary for the damage it had sustained because of the putting into operation of the dam. In 1998, Slovakia filed in a request for an additional Judgment in the case. Slovakia considered such a Judgment necessary because of the unwillingness of Hungary to implement the Judgment. After the filing by Hungary of a statement of its position on Slovakia’s request, the Parties resumed negotiations and informed the Court on a regular basis of the progress in them.
10

APLIKÁCIA MEDZINÁRODNÉHO PRÁVA

75%
Klučka J.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
|
2014
|
vol. 97
|
issue 3
264 – 279
EN
The application of international law fulfills important task whereas enables the practical exercise of regulatory functions of its concrete rules in the international practice. In this respect it should be firstly noted that implementation of international law into domestic legal order is generally required by states as a necessary precondition for its application. Taking into account the absence of international rule prescribing specific form and manner of implementation, the relevant practice of the states is decisive. Within the states preferring the monist conception the direct application of international treaties (self executing treaties) is possible. Relevant provisions of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969) should be respected (namely Articles 25, 28, 29, 31) within the process of direct application of international treaties and their breach raises the international responsibility of states. The same requirement has to be complied with respect of application of international treaties by international organizations. There is no room for direct application of international treaties within states preferring dualist conception whereas the content of each treaty has to be obligatory transformed into specific kind of domestic legal regulation. Regarding the application of customary international law, the practice of states in principle confirms that they are not formally implemented into domestic legal orders of states and public bodies usually apply customary international law directly. The diversity of the judgments of international judicial bodies and decisions of international organizations prevent any attempt of states to apply them in a uniform manner. Similarly, as in the case of international treaties, there are no rules prescribing their specific application and different practice of states enjoy the leading role in the application of the international obligations arising from the international judgments and decisions.
11

THE UNCONSCIOUS INFL UENCE OF TOUCH ON JUDGEMENTS AND PROSOCIAL ATTITUDES

75%
Faderewski M., Grzelewska P.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
|
2012
|
vol. 10
|
issue 1
107-122
EN
The aim of the study was to investigate whether irrelevant haptic experience can unconsciously influence reasoning and prosocial attitudes. A secondary aim was to test whether this effect depends on individual sensitivity to tactile information. We examined whether the warmth and weight of held objects influences judgments of important situations and attitudes. Additionally, we investigated if high autotelic orientation reduces susceptibility to the unconscious influence of tactile sensations. The results showed that by touching heavy and warm objects an entrusted task is regarded as important, that touching warm objects does not increase prosocial attitudes, and that high autotelic orientation increases sensitivity to the influence of the touched object.
12

ACCURACY OF SLOVAK NATIONAL STEREOTYPES: RESULT OF JUDGMENT OR INTUITION?

75%
Kourilova S., Hrebickova M.
Studia Psychologica
|
2011
|
vol. 53
|
issue 2
201-213
EN
An international study comprising 3230 university students from Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Austria, Germany and Poland examined the accuracy of Slovak national stereotypes. The accuracy of stereotypes was evaluated comparing ratings of typical Slovaks from the in group as well as out group perspective with ratings of real people living in Slovakia. We found that Slovak national stereotypes rated by Slovaks did not correspond with ratings of real Slovaks. The ratings of real Slovaks corresponded more with the ratings of Slovak national stereotypes by members of other Central European countries. Our findings indicate that national stereotypes can be based upon reflective judgment of real people living in the given nation. At the same time, ratings of group characteristics can be biased by other motivations, e.g. the tendency to evaluate one's own group more favourably than out groups.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.