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Antecedents of psychological capital: The role of work design

100%
Sameer Y. M., Mohamed A. A., Mohamad M. S.
Journal of Economics and Management
|
2019
|
vol. 35
124-149
EN
Aim/purpose – Though psychological capital has become a hot topic in the recent years, scholars have given little attention to its antecedents. This study used the job characteristics model (Hackman & Oldham, 1975) as a framework to examine the relationship between the five job characteristics and the four components of psychological capital. Moreover, task performance is examined as an outcome of psychological capital. Design/methodology/approach – Using structural equation modelling, data were obtained from Egyptian professionals (N = 251). The survey included measures of psychological capital and job characteristics as well as task performance, which was rated by employees’ supervisors. Findings – Results indicate that the five job characteristics of skill variety, task significance, job feedback, job identity and job autonomy are positively related to the four components of psychological capital. Moreover, hope, self-efficacy and resilience were positively related to task performance. However, Egyptian employees’ optimism was not found to be related to task performance. Research implications/limitations – Results contribute to a better understanding of what enhances psychological capital in the workplace. Originality/value/contribution – The current study is the first to integrate the theory of work design with the psychological capacities of hope, optimism, resilience and self- -efficacy. Research on the development of psychological capital has been limited to interventions with little or no attention given to macro or organisational factors that could contribute to its enhancement. Moreover, it is the first to link psychological capital to job performance in an Arab country.
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Dekompozycja korzyści z zatrudnienia w świetle literatury teoretycznej i empirycznej

63%
Gajderowicz T.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2016
|
vol. 293
7-22
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i usystematyzowanie korzyści uzyskiwanych przez pracownika z zatrudnienia w świetle literatury teoretycznej i empirycznej. To fundamentalne dla funkcjonowania rynku pracy zagadnienie jest przedmiotem rozważań teoretycznych nie tylko w ramach neoklasycznej teorii podaży pracy, ale także w kontekście teorii wyrównywania różnic (theory of equalizing differences) oraz teorii płacy efektywnościowej (effciency wages theory). W artykule wykazano, iż w literaturze nie ma konsensusu co do atrybutów opisujących zatrudnienie, a ich ujęcia mają zwykle charakter fragmentaryczny. Z kolei w badaniach empirycznych dobór atrybutów zazwyczaj wynika z dostępności danych oraz specyfiki cech zatrudnienia w danym zawodzie (a także wewnątrz zawodów). W artykule podjęto próbę usystematyzowania kryteriów decyzji pracownika w odniesieniu do zatrudnienia opartą na autorskiej typologii korzyści płynących z podjęcia konkretnej pracy. Typologia ta opiera się na założeniu, iż korzyści z zatrudnienia można podzielić na korzyści uzyskiwane bezpośrednio od pracodawcy (pieniężne i pozapieniężne) oraz korzyści czerpane z cech wykonywanych w pracy zadań. Te drugie można z kolei podzielić na korzyści bezpośrednie (fizyczne i psychiczne warunki wykonywania pracy) oraz pośrednie, związane z realizacją potrzeb w długim okresie. Zaproponowane podejście pozwala wyjaśnić wiele pozornych paradoksów obserwowanych na rynku pracy, a także otwiera pole do dalszych badań empirycznych w zakresie determinant wynagrodzeń.
EN
The aim of this study is to systematize the benefits received by the employee from employment in the light of theoretical and empirical literature. This issue is fundamental for understanding labor market performance, not only from the neoclassical theory perspective of labor supply, but also in the context of the Theory of Equalizing Differences and of the Efficiency Wages Theory. The paper demonstrates that in the literature there is no consensus on the catalogue of attributes describing employment. In empirical papers selection of attributes taken into consideration usually depends only on the availability of data. This article attempts to systematize the criteria of employee's decision on employment. The original typology of the benefits of employment is presented. It is based on the assumption that benefits of employment may be divided into the benefits obtained directly from the employer (e.g. cash and fringe benefits) and benefits obtained from the characteristics of workplace. The latter can be further divided into direct benefits (physical and mental conditions of work) and indirect, associated with the long term consequences of particular employment. Presented approach helps to explain labor market performance and wage formation.
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