Search results

1

The unlikely advocates of media literacy education: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Stuart Mill

100%

Neag A.

Central European Journal of Communication

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2016

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vol. 9

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issue 1(16)

104-113

2

John Stuart Mill o pragnieniu bycia sobą w społeczeństwie

89%

Baranowska M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy

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2017

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issue 1(22)

PL

Pomimo licznych opracowań poglądów Johna Stuarta Milla warto ponownie pochylić się nad jego twórczością, ponieważ odnieść ją można do współczesnych interpretacji rzeczywistości społeczno-politycznej. Opisywane przez niego zagrożenia, które niesie za sobą liberalna demokracja, nadal są aktualne. Mill podkreślał, że najdonioślejszą tematyką, której warto poświęcać czas, jest człowiek, dlatego też w artykule dokonano analizy jego zapatrywań w tej kwestii, proponując nową perspektywę. Zaprezentowano jego poglądy przez pryzmat teorii alienacji sformułowanej przez Karola Marksa. Zrekonstruowane zostały zapatrywania Milla na naturę człowieka. Człowiek jest dla niego istotą racjonalną, ale również emocjonalną. W swym postępowaniu kieruje się egoizmem, ale nieobce mu są też zachowania altruistyczne. W tym punkcie widać rewizję założeń klasycznego liberalizmu. Wypływała ona z jego osobistych doświadczeń. Po określeniu zapatrywań na naturę człowieka Mill stwierdził, że we współczesnym społeczeństwie człowiek nie żyje zgodnie z naturą (żyje życiem wyalienowanym), co uniemożliwia mu osiągnięcie szczęścia. W celu naprawy tej sytuacji przedstawił konkretne zasady, takie jak wolność, równość, tolerancja i sprawiedliwość, na których należy oprzeć społeczeństwo, by każdy mógł zachować swą indywidualność i być szczęśliwym. Szczęście zaś jest w jego przekonaniu osiągalne, dlatego warto do niego dążyć.

EN

In spite of the existence of numerous studies on the doctrine of John Stuart Mill, it is worthwhile to take a closer look at his works again, as they are relevant to the contemporary interpretations of the socio-political reality. His account of threats brought about by liberal democracy still seems up-to-date. According to him, the most significant issue worth researching on is the human being himself. Therefore this paper contains an analysis of his views on the subject, the latter being approached from a new perspective. The author introduces a new method of analysis of Mill’s views in the light of Carl Marx’s alienation theory. Mill considers people to be not only rational, but also emotional beings. Their conduct is conditioned by some egoistic drives, even though they are also capable of behaving in an altruistic manner. At this point, Mill’s revision of the assumptions of classical liberalism becomes quite apparent, which is the result of his personal experiences. Having defined his views on the human nature

3

Modalny status zdań matematycznych

89%

Chlastawa D.

Diametros

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2011

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issue 30

2-12

PL

W artykule przedstawione i analizowane są trzy kontrprzykłady dla tezy, że wszystkie zdania matematyczne są konieczne, tzn. koniecznie prawdziwe lub koniecznie fałszywe: argument z przygodnych relacyjnych własności empirycznych, argument z własności wynikających z konwencjonalnych reprezentacji i argument z relatywizacji do modelu. Pierwsze dwa argumenty poddają się łatwemu podważeniu, do zakwestionowania trzeciego natomiast potrzebne jest przyjęcie dość silnego stanowiska realistycznego w teorii mnogości.

EN

The paper contains an analysis of three counterexamples to the view that all mathematical statements are necessary, i.e. necessarily true or necessarily false: an argument from contingent, relational, empirical properties, an argument from properties based on conventional representations and an argument from model relativity. The first and the second argument can be rejected easily, while to answer the third argument one has to adopt a quite strong set-theoretic realism.

4

The Consumer Ideology and the Truth about Man

75%

Reimers A. J.

Philosophy and Canon Law

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2021

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vol. 7

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issue 2

1-21

EN

The formation of the human conscience is a controverted question in both philosophical ethics and moral philosophy. Conscience refers to one’s conception and understanding of the moral good. An especially significant manifestation of the problem of conscience in the 20th and 21st centuries is the impact of ideology on the individual person’s moral sense. This article considers the impact of two 19th century philosophies―Mill’s utilitarianism and Marxism―on contemporary moral thought insofar as the interaction of these two produce a powerful materialist ideology to determine the modern European and American conscience. We then turn to the thought of Pope John Paul II (Karol Wojtyła), who in his encyclical Veritatis Splendor and in his earlier philosophical writings developed an account of moral truth by which the dangers of materialistic ideology can be overcome. It is argued, with John Paul II, that only in the context of truth can a coherent account of freedom of conscience under the moral law be developed.

5

Re-Thinking Cultural Hedonism: On the Principle of Utility According to John Stuart Mill

75%

Stepukonis A.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2023

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issue 1

181-194

EN

Hedonism, driven by mass culture and widespread consumerism, is a salient factor in the modus vivendi of contemporary Western civilization. This general psychological and behavioral backdrop is exploited in the article as an opportunity to both reinvigorate and re-appraise the theoretical underpinnings of modern hedonism as developed by John Stuart Mill in his Utilitarianism. The article proceeds in two steps: Firstly, a detailed exposition of Mill’s arguments for the principle of utility is undertaken, with an accompanying elucidation of the core notions of utility, expediency, happiness, and pleasure. Secondly, five points of criticism (logical, phenomenological, and analytical in method) are raised to challenge what the author thinks are the weakest links in Mill’s syllogistic chain.

6

A Decision Logic Approach to Mill’s Eliminative Induction

75%

Piętka D., Stacewicz P.

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric

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2015

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vol. 42

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issue 1

113-138

EN

The subject of the paper is a contemporary interpretation of J.S. Mill’s elimination method using selected concepts of Zdzisław Pawlak’s decision logic. The aim of the interpretation is to reformulate the original rules (canons) of Mill’s induction so that they correspond more precisely to his concept of cause as a complex sufficient condition. In the first part of the paper, we turn to Mill’s writings and justify the thesis that in his understanding the cause is an aggregation of circumstances, and not a single circumstance; next, we point out that Mill’s original canons (for example the canon of agreement and the canon of difference) do not allow causes-aggregations to be singled out from empirical data. In the second part of this paper, we present such aspects of Z. Pawlak’s decision logic that serve as the basis for the formalisation of the method of eliminative induction. We describe exhaustively the schema of induction that involves a gradual - divided into three stages - simplification of a set of implications corresponding to the observed dependencies [system of potential causes, effect]. The simplification is deductive because it maintains consistency within the set of implications. We show that such schema is ideal for isolating complex causes (aggregations of circumstances), ultimately described using complex conditional formulas of decision logic.

7

The early stages in the evolution of Economic Man. Millian and marginal approaches

75%

Dzionek-Kozłowska J.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 6

33-51

EN

The homo economicus (Economic Man) concept is one of the best-known components of economic theorising frequently recognised as a part of the “hard core” of the mainstream 20th-century economics. This model gained such a high status in times of the marginal revolution, although it was coined in the 1830s by the classical economist John S. Mill. Nowadays, homo economicus is commonly perceived as a model of rational economic agent maximising utility or preferences. The article aims to show that both the Millian approach and the marginal approach were more complex than the contemporary incarnation of Economic Man. One of the key differences between the early stages in the evolution of homo oeconomicus and the modern version of it refers to the notion of rationality. Whereas it is the constitutive element of the 20th-century homo oeconomicus, the requirement of full rationality was never explicitly articulated by Mill and marginal economists. Therefore, at the early stages of its evolution, the homo economicus model would have been much more resistant to the objections formulated against it by the 20th-century critics.

8

Europocentryzm – technologia i ontologia kolonizacji. Kilka uwag o liberalizmie, podboju, supremacji rasowej i niewolnictwie przez pryzmat tezy o indywidualizmie posesywnym C.B. Macphersona

75%

Turowski M.

Nowa Krytyka

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2011

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issue 26-27

291–319

EN

This paper is an attempt to reconstruct the difficult and problematic, but yet vital and crucial, links between liberalism and eurocentrism. This relationship is considered the result of mutual self-seeking and profit-seeking with the process of colonization as historical and formational “epicenter” of european modernity. Colonization, the “expansion of Europe”, demanded an ideological background and backup which in reverse were fostered and strengthened by the opportunity of belonging to the extensive “colonial space-time”. The “Rise of the West” together with the “technologies of colonization”, refined and perfected during the era of “the long sixteenth century”, would have been inconceivable without the presence of specific “ontology” – the possessive individualism conceptualized and analyzed by C.B. Macpherson in his works on liberal (liberal-democratic) political theory.

9

Stanowisko pierwszych brytyjskich emergentystów wobec teorii ewolucji

71%

Sadłocha Ł.

Studia Sandomierskie. Teologia-Filozofia-Historia

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2019

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vol. 26

EN

In the nineteenth century, the theory of evolution was not yet widely accepted and was just beginning to spread in the scientific community, and thus also among British emergentists. The first representatives of British Emergentism were John Stuart Mill and George Henry Lewes. Mill is called the father of this line of thought, and Lewes coined the term emergent based on Mill’s heteropathic effect. The purpose of this article is to show the different approaches of Mill and Lewes to the theory of evolution.

PL

W XIX wieku teoria ewolucji nie była jeszcze powszechnie przyjmowana i dopiero upowszechniała się w środowisku naukowym, a tym samym i wśród brytyjskich emergentystów. Pierwszymi przedstawicielami nurtu emergentyzmu brytyjskiego są John Stuart Mill oraz George Henry Lewes. Mill uważany jest za ojca tego kierunku, a Lewesowi zawdzięcza się ukucie terminu emergentny na określenie, tego, co Mill nazywał skutkiem heteropatycznym. Celem tego artykułu jest ukazanie odmiennego podejścia Milla i Lewesa do teorii ewolucji, a tym samym do emergentyzmu.

10

Reprezentacja przeciw demokracji. Dyskusja wokół książki Paradoks idei reprezentacji Andrzeja Waśkiewicza

63%

Moskalewicz M., Jacek Raciborski J., Tomasz Żyro T., Andrzej Waśkiewicz A., Wojciech Przybylski W.

Res Publica Nowa

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2013

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issue 1

134-139

11

Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Self-Expression, and Kant’s Public Use of Reason

63%

Van Eekert G.

Diametros

|

2017

|

issue 54

118-137

EN

This article turns to early modern and Enlightenment advocates of tolerance (Locke, Spinoza, John Stuart Mill) in order to discover and lay bare the line of argument that informed their commitment to free speech. This line of argument will subsequently be used to assess the shift from free speech to the contemporary ideal of free self-expression. In order to take this assessment one step further, this article will finally turn to Immanuel Kant’s famous defense of the public use of reason. In the wake of Katerina Deligiorgi’s readings of Kant, it will show that the idea of free speech requires a specific disposition on behalf of speakers and writers that is in danger of being neglected in the contemporary prevailing conception of free speech as freedom of self-expression.

12

Czy wolność człowieka jest absolutna? Punkt widzenia liberalizmu klasycznego

62%

Jasiński K.

IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych

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2011

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vol. 23

53-64

EN

The paper concerns the idea of freedom and her limits in the thought of the some representatives of classical liberalism. The paper has three parts: 1) freedom as a feature of the personality and her different forms (personal and social, positive and negative); 2) ideas if the English philosophers (T. Hobbes, J. Locke, D. Hume, J.S. Milli); 3) ideas of the French philosophers (Ch. Montesquieu, J.J. Rousseau, A. De Tocqueville). According to this thinkers human freedom is not a absolute value but has many limits (social contract, law, customs, religion and ethics).

13

The Origins of the Income Theory of Money

51%

Menšík J.

Review of Economic Perspectives

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2014

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vol. 14

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issue 4

373-392

EN

The income theory of money was conceived in the 19th century, and in the first half of the 20th century it formed the backbone of all the main monetary approaches of the time. Yet, since it did so mostly implicitly rather than explicitly, and since the later developments moved economic theory in a different direction, the income theory of money is hardly remembered at present. While mainly accounting for the origins of the approach, I am also offering a brief comparison with the present mainstream economics and I shortly address the question of the possible future of the theory too. The income theory of money explains how nominal prices are formed by interaction of nominal expenditures streams with real streams of goods sold. While various ideas leading to this theory were expressed already by John Law, Richard Cantillon, and Jean-Baptiste Say, it is perhaps only Thomas Tooke whom we might want to call the originator of the theory. Within the Classical School of Political Economy, Tooke's ideas were further elaborated by John Stuart Mill. The theory reached a momentous formulation in the works of Knut Wicksell, in many respects a similar exposition was delivered also by Friedrich Wieser. The recognition of the theory was impaired by a change of the main-stream paradigm as well as by a surge in emphasis laid on the quantitative modelling in economics. Yet, there are certain fundamental questions of the monetary theory which the general equilibrium style models cannot cope with, while the income theory of money can, at least to a certain degree. This might give the theory some hope for the future.

14

On the Very Idea of Civilisation

51%

O’Sullivan L.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2021

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issue 2

307-321

EN

The concept of civilisation is a controversial one because it is unavoidably normative in its implications. Its historical associations with the effort of Western imperialism to impose substantive conditions of life have made it difficult for contemporary liberalism to find a definition of “civilization” that can be reconciled with progressive discourse that seeks to avoid exclusions of various kinds. But because we lack a way of identifying what is peculiar to the relationship of civilisation that avoids the problem of domination, it has tended to be conflated with other ideas. Taking Samuel Huntington’s idea of a “Clash of Civilisations” as a starting point, this article argues that we suffer from a widespread confusion of civilisation with “culture,” and that we also confuse it with other ideas including modernity and technological development. Drawing on Thomas Hobbes, the essay proposes an alternative definition of civilisation as the existence of limits on how we may treat others.

Refine search results

The unlikely advocates of media literacy education: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill o pragnieniu bycia sobą w społeczeństwie

Modalny status zdań matematycznych

The Consumer Ideology and the Truth about Man

Re-Thinking Cultural Hedonism: On the Principle of Utility According to John Stuart Mill

A Decision Logic Approach to Mill’s Eliminative Induction

The early stages in the evolution of Economic Man. Millian and marginal approaches

Europocentryzm – technologia i ontologia kolonizacji. Kilka uwag o liberalizmie, podboju, supremacji rasowej i niewolnictwie przez pryzmat tezy o indywidualizmie posesywnym C.B. Macphersona

Stanowisko pierwszych brytyjskich emergentystów wobec teorii ewolucji

Reprezentacja przeciw demokracji. Dyskusja wokół książki Paradoks idei reprezentacji Andrzeja Waśkiewicza

Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Self-Expression, and Kant’s Public Use of Reason

Czy wolność człowieka jest absolutna? Punkt widzenia liberalizmu klasycznego

The Origins of the Income Theory of Money

On the Very Idea of Civilisation