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1

FORMATION OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA (1918) AND THE GERMAN POPULATION OF SPIŠ. IDEAS AND REALITY

100%
Švorc P.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2022
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vol. 70
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issue 5
887–913
EN
The relationship of Spiš Germans to the ČSR evolved. In the first years of its existence, it was, as a rule, dismissive. Germans had a hard time coming to terms with Slovaks becoming members of city and village councils; they refused to communicate in the new official language and sabotaged many a governmental regulation. In the town Veľká, the local German adherents of the Evangelic faith even refused for Slovak services to be held in their church; they wanted to divide the town of Spišská Belá into a Slovak and a German part, etc. The older, and partially middle, generation of Spiš Germans did not accept the ČSR during the entire interwar period. It was reflected in the activities of the political party Zipser Deutsche Partei. The Czechoslovak Republic was only accepted later on by the young generation, politically engaged in the Karpathendeutsche Partei. This generation, nevertheless, also took a long time to accept Slovaks and Rusyns as equals to the German inhabitants of Spiš.
2

AKTIVITY KARPATONEMECKEJ STRANY VO VYBRANÝCH SPIŠSKÝCH OBCIACH V DRUHEJ POLOVICI 30. ROKOV 20. STOROČIA

86%
Ďurkovská M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2012
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vol. 15
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issue 3
-
EN
The paper monitors the political situation of German communities in Slovakia, mainly in the area of Spiš. It focuses on activities of Karpathendeutsche Partei, mainly in period 1935 – 1938 and its rivalry with Zipserdeutsche Partei. From 1930’s Karpathendeutsche Partei criticised Zipserdeutsche Partei for its co-operation with Hungarian parties. Zipserdeutsche Partei fell in crisis in the middle of 30’s. This crisis depended on massive move of its members to KdP.
3

SPOLUPRÁCA SPIŠSKONEMECKEJ STRANY S MAĎARSKÝMI POLITICKÝMI STRANAMI V REGIÓNE SPIŠA ZAČIATKOM DVADSIATYCH ROKOV A KONCOM TRIDSIATYCH ROKOV 20. STOROČIA

72%
Ďurkovská M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2010
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vol. 13
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issue 2
-
EN
Attitudes of German and Hungarian inhabitants who lived in Slovakia were not constant to Czechoslovak Republic. They changed under the influence of political progress. The main factors were geographical heterogeneity and different political orientations. The most important difference was between members of German minority who lived in Bratislava (gathered in Karptendeutsche Partei) and Germans who lived in Spis. Germans from Spis were pro-Hungarian orientated. Their Zipserdeutsche Partei was during its existence a branch of Hungarian parties - at first Orszagos Keresztenyiszocialista Part, then Magyar Nemzeti Part. Cooperation between these parties (ZdP and Hungarian parties) was realized through the election coalitions in 1929 and 1935. Sometimes they organized congresses of opposition parties. But later different minds between Germans and Hungarians who lived in Slovakia expanded. Representatives of German minority wanted to emancipate from Hungarian impact. In spite of that German from Spis cooperate with Hungarian parties, but Bratislava and Hauerland became a domain of Karptendeutsche Partei. In consequence of its aggression KdP was forbidden in 1938. Other German and Hungarian minority parties perished, or on their bases were formatted new parties.
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