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日本古典研究の〈戦後〉-国文学と漢文世界-

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Nakamaru T.

Analecta Nipponica

2017

issue 7

121-130

“National literature” (kokubungaku) arose together with the modern national state, and as a building block of Japanese cultural identity, was subjected to cleansing from foreign influences. What was discarded was the “Chinese literature” (kanbungaku) – an intellectual foundation shared by the whole of Eastern Asia. Even though the ideology developed during the Meiji Period and was confronted with the WWII defeat, the tendency lingered and continued on after the war. The stress the university departments of “national literature” (or Japanese literature – Nihon bungaku) put on works created originally in local syllabic kana (instead of in “Chinese writing” – kanbun), like Genji monogatari (The Tale of Genji) or Makura no sōshi (The Pillow Book), give proof to that. On the other hand the year 1900 brought the discovery of the Dunhuang manuscripts. In Japan, the issue of portions of Tang dynasty texts and their old transcriptions, predating the versions compiled during the rule of the Song dynasty, no longer existing in China, have been brought to light since the publication of Keiseki hōkoshi (Bibliography of Chinese Classics), authored by Mori Risshi (1807-1885) among others. However the first ones to notice the Dunhuang documents were the Frenchman Paul Pelliot (1879-1945) and his coworker Luo Zhenyu (1866-1940), who started their research with the Tang dynasty texts preserved in Japan. An increased interest in Chinese classics can be noted at the southeast outskirts of the Chinese civilization area of influence in East Asia at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century. The “national literature”, however, partially dismissing this research, did not try to actively incorporate them into the field. After the cold war, the internationalization and globalization wave reached the world of “national literature” and the consecutive universities went on to change their administrative units’ names from “department of national literature” to “department of Japanese literature”. From the 1990’s research using the term “Eastern Asia” as a keyword is extensive, but this change does not translate into a quality shift in “national literature”. Japanese culture consists of two interconnected layers – Chinese culture and the native culture. The author’s area of research is Japanese kanbun, an intermediate text of sorts between Chinese and native writing. The article stresses the importance of kanbun and organizes the topic of quotations of Chinese classics (bunsen) – the excerpts from Tang dynasty texts (or their transcriptions) – like those that can be found in the diaries of Heian aristocrats, for one example of Japanese kanbun.

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1 Analecta Nipponica

1 Nakamaru T.

1 2017

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日本古典研究の〈戦後〉-国文学と漢文世界-