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1

Déjà vu

100%
Giżycki M.
Kwartalnik Filmowy
|
2021
|
issue 114 Zanieczyszczenie, brud, skaza
212-217
PL
Szeroko rozpropagowane w mediach widoki tłumu atakującego 6 stycznia 2021 r. siedzibę amerykańskiego parlamentu przywoływały obrazy z filmów o tematyce rewolucyjnej, m.in. Marsylianki (1938) Jeana Renoira, Rewolucji Francuskiej (1989) Roberta Enrico i Richarda Heffrona czy Czerwonych (1981) Warrena Beatty’ego. W żadnym z tych filmów scena ataku mas na budynek symbolizujący zło nie ma jednak tej siły, co u Sergieja Eisensteina w Październiku (1928). Jak wiadomo, ta ostatnia sekwencja nie ma wiele wspólnego z prawdziwymi zdarzeniami, ale to właśnie ona ukształtowała obraz rewolucji październikowej w wyobraźni zbiorowej i stała się symulakrum wydarzeń z Kapitolu.
EN
Images that we know from the media of a mob attacking the Capitol on January 6, 2021 revoke scenes from films about revolutions, like La Marseillaise (1938) by Jean Renoir, La Révolution française (1989) by Robert Enrico and Richard Heffron, or Reds (1981) by Warren Beatty. None of these scenes has the power of Sergei Eisenstein’s October (1928). As we know, the way the attack on the Winter Palace is depicted by Eisenstein has little to do with real events, but it has shaped the collective vision of the October Revolution for decades. It also became a simulacrum for what happened in Washington, DC.
2
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Dyskurs racji versus dyskurs emocji, czyli o szturmie na Kapitol w mediach publicznych Polski, Rosji i Niemiec

84%
Głuszek-Szafraniec D., Szostok-Nowacka P.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
|
2023
|
vol. 77
210-224
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki analizy relacji medialnych w krajach europejskich na temat wydarzeń ze stycznia 2021 roku w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Kongres USA obradował nad zatwierdzeniem wyników wyborów prezydenckich, kiedy tłum zwolenników Donalda Trumpa wdarł się do budynku. Autorki porównały telewizyjne serwisy informacyjne stacji publicznych w trzech krajach: w Polsce, Rosji i Niemczech. Posługiwały się analizą zawartości w jej wymiarze ilościowo- -jakościowym oraz metodami jakościowymi (Krytyczna Analiza Dyskursu), a także analizą porównawczą. Wyniki badań pozwoliły na wskazanie dominujących typów dyskursu w mediach publicznych w styczniu 2021 roku. Autorki wykazały zróżnicowany charakter stosowanych narracji (instrumentalizacja dyskursu versus kronikarski styl narracji), języka (nacechowanie emocjonalne versus informacyjność) oraz kontekstualizacji polidoniesień medialnych (osadzanie w kontekstach historycznych, społecznych czy kulturowych).
EN
The article presents the results of the analysis of media coverage in European countries on the events of January 2021 in the United States. The US Congress was deliberating to approve the presidential election results when a crowd of Donald Trump supporters burst into the building. The authors compared television news services of public stations in three countries: Poland, Russia, and Germany. The content analysis in its quantitative and qualitative dimensions, qualitative methods (Critical Discourse Analysis) as well as comparative analysis were used. The research results allowed the authors to indicate the dominant types of discourse in the public media in January 2021. The authors have shown the varied nature of the narratives used (discourse instrumentalization versus the chronicle style of narration), language (emotional versus informational), and the contextualization of media reports (embedding in historical, social, or cultural contexts).
3
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WYBRANE PROBLEMY KONSERWACJI I EKSPOZYCJI ANTYCZNYCH ZABYTKÓW RZYMU

59%
Stępień P. M.
Ochrona Zabytków
|
2005
|
issue 4
5-26
EN
Almost the entire area of contemporary Rome contains classical buildings whose fragments had been incorporated into later structures or whose relics remain concealed underground. The author discusses their conservation upon the basis of of selected different objects. Trajan's column, the Column of Marcus Aurelius, the Arch of Constantine, the Arch of Septimus Severus and the Arch of Titus are examples of large-scale marble historical monuments, subjected to thorough conservation during the 1980s. The differences between their present-day state are the consequence primarily of the threat posed by the pollution of the natural environment caused by street traffic. On the other hand, the subterranean complex of relics in Domus Aurea is damaged by moisture. In the case of the Colosseum, in which samples of the elevation have been cleaned, the author accentuates respect for patina and the authenticity of the monument, an approach characteristic for the Italian school of conservation. The article discusses the programme of conserving such archaeological complexes as the Forum Romanum, the Palatine and the Imperial Fora. In the latter case, an essential element of the programme was the arrangement of the Imperial Fora Museum in the Halls of Trajan. The author underlines the fact that new elements had been introduced into the classical structure of the building in such a way as to avoid dominating it. Plans for building a third line of the Roman Underground propose an exposition area conceived as a link between the stations and the archaeological protection area. The author considers the work conducted in the Capitoline Museum (i.a. a new showroom for the statue of Marcus Aurelius) and plans for further development, which foresee the creation of a whole district of museums in the environs of the Capitol. He goes on to discuss the expansion of Museo Nazionale Romano – a project for redesigning the main museum seat in the Baths of Diocletian, an exposition in the Planetarium Hall, and new departments in Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Palazzo Altemps and Via delle Botteghe Oscure (the Balbi Crypt) – together with building Ara Pacis, a new museum designed by Richard Meier. Summing up: effective in situ protection of classical large-scale monuments, especially marble objects threatened by atmospheric factors, has still not been satisfactorily resolved. This may be the reason why a network of archaeological museum expositions, conceived as an essential component of the contemporary town structure, is being created with such great consistency and impetus. The expositions aim at a an attractive and comprehensive presentation of architectural elements and works of art near the sites in which they were discovered and in connection with a display of relics of the buildings. In contrast to a tendency which originated in the 1930s, and consisted of isolating classical monuments and “cleaning” them of all later stratification, the present-day trend aims at showing the monuments within a complete historical context.
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