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EN
The present paper examines the varied and mutual influences between a local form of South Indian dance drama—the yakṣagāna dance-drama of coastal Karnataka—and forms of local ritual performances. A short description of yakṣagāna and its history is followed by a definition of the cultural spheres represented by the languages of Sanskrit, Kannada and Tulu. These spheres form the cultural configuration for mutual interaction. The paper offers exploratory discussions of “localization” as a textual strategy in yakṣagāna and the possible influences between the dance drama and the nāgamaṇḍala and būta rituals.
EN
Among the various sculptures created by Hoysaḷa artists between the 12th and 13th centuries emerges a curious iconographic couple: a man wearing a long robe and an unusual headdress, accompanied by a woman, completely naked, with sandals on her feet, surrounded by snakes. Both these figures have a stick. The recurrence of this subject in many temples and the important position in the register of sculptures suggest that this iconography was already codified in the early 12th century, that is during the rise of the dynasty. The focus of my study is to analyze the development of these representations in correlation with the religious and political context: at the beginning the two iconographies were sculpted together, while in the course of time they began to be carved separately. This new exploration adds to the iconographic analysis and the study of the epigraphic sources and it aims at relating the artistic production with the construction and legitimation of the dynasty. Controversial interpretations of the meaning of these representations open up a lively debate about local cults in medieval Karnataka and the versatile royalty of the Hoysaḷa dynasty.
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