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EN
The article describes philanthropic activities of Marie Riegrová-Palacká and her merit as of a birth of the first, from the language point of view Czech kindergartens in Prague, based on a French model. The entry of Marie Riegrová-Palacká, but also of other women into a public sphere was accompanied just by charity activities, often conditioned by Christian ethics. The endeavour of Marie Riegrová-Palacká exceeds also by means of a correspondence with Marie Pape-Carpantier, the director of the French Institute for kindergarten teachers in Paris. This long time correspondence had been preceded by a visit at World Exhibition in Paris in 1867, where Riegrová- Palacká became thoroughly acquainted with a pedagogical section of this exhibition. The willingness of the French side had to face first of all standings of Prague city committee the members of which Riegrová-Palacká at the end managed to get round as for advantages of the French method for the new Czech kindergarten. As late as at this point Barbora Ledvinková and Marie Müllerová could start their way to prepare for a career of teachers in the new Czech kindergarten of St. Jacob without any obstacles.
Society Register
|
2018
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2
149-162
EN
The article presents the profile of Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel (1782-1852), the basic postulates of his philosophy and pedagogy. It describes the origin of kindergartens, which became the bedrock of young child education spreading across the world, and the birth of the institution of kindergarten. Froebel’s thought reached many countries, among others Great Britain, USA and Poland, thanks to its popularizers. The first Polish kindergarten was set up thanks to Teresa Mleczkowa. However, it was Maria Weryho-Radziwiłowiczowa (1858-1944), who contributed the most to the popularization of Froebel’s pedagogy. Together with J. Strzemeska, she developed the methodology of working with young children on the basis of Froebel’s concept. She adjusted Froebel’s pedagogy to Polish conditions by rejecting some of its elements and adding some new ones. Unfortunately, the 20th century in Polish pedagogy was a moment, when F. Froebel was forgotten. The situation was very different in the international arena: there were institutions arising in the world, which through publications and research spread the views of the German pedagogue. Modern Polish popularizers of Froebel (among others Barbara Bilewicz-Kuźnia, Froebel.pl association) undertook to interpret the thought of F. Froebel and with a new curriculum proposal for preschool education The Gift of Play they are trying to revive Froebel’s pedagogy by adjusting it to the modern conditions. As a result of their actions, more and more kindergartens are transformed into Froebel preschools. However, they are still considered pedagogical alternatives.
EN
The paper evaluates present-day situation in research on child language and communication development in preschool age. Whereas in the Czech Republic the respective research is not being performed nowadays, in other countries it develops intensively (especially in the framework of educationally applied psycholinguistics) as evidenced by an immense amount of publications. The paper presents a brief survey of research findings in two areas: (1) Sociocultural determinants of child language development, (2) Theory of linguistic input and intake, in relation to learning and teaching in kindergarten. Findings from international researc are compared with the situation in Czech preprimary education.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł należy do nurtu pedagogiki, która promuje koncepcję edukacji zintegrowanej, przywiązując dużą wagę do warunków środowiskowych, które zwiększają rozwój dziecka, a w szczególności jego postrzeganie autonomii, wolności, kreatywności intelektualnej i aktywnej oraz zachowania prospołeczne. Propozycja powrotu człowieka do natury powiązanej z otaczającym go środowiskiem wydaje się szczególnie interesująca zarówno dla dzieci żyjących w środowiskach wiejskich, jak i dużych miast. Możliwość doświadczania osobistej, codziennej więzi z naturą staje się pozytywnym i prozdrowotnym doświadczeniem dziecka, podnoszącym jego dobrostan we wszystkich wymiarach rozwojowych.
EN
The scope of the paper pertains to the area of pedagogy that promotes the concept of integrated education, at the same time giving high priority to the environmental conditions that enhance the child’s growth and, in particular, her/his autonomy, freedom, intellectual and active creativity as well as prosocial behaviour. The proposal to return to the roots that lie in human nature and in the surrounding environment, seems to us particularly interesting, both for children living in rural environments and those from big cities. Being able to develop a personal bond with nature becomes a child’s healthy and positive experience, exerting its influence on all dimensions of her/his overall development.
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