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Vox Patrum
|
2017
|
vol. 67
167-176
EN
In the history of exegesis three general models of the interpretation of the Servant of Yahweh Song can be outlined. The first one is a collective interpretation that considers the Servant to be Israel – the People of God – or its faithful part. The second interpretation was called by the scholars an individual interpretation ac­cording to which the Servant is an individual. The third one is a mixed interpreta­tion. The Servant of Yahweh is a king who represents the nation. In this article we searched for an answer to the question who is the said Servant of Yahweh accor­ding to St. Jerome. Having analysed selected passages of St. Jerome’s commentary on the Servant Song it is not difficult to notice that the author of the Vulgate prefers the model of individual interpretation. More precisely, in his opinion the Servant of Yahweh is Jesus Christ whose suffering has a redeeming virtue.
EN
The article presents the way of using paradoxographical information regard­ing the matter of animals with doubtful identification in leading anti-heretical and Anti-Judaist polemic on the example of the sixth book Commentary on Isaiah by Jerome of Stridon. In the allegoric explanation of Is 13:19 - 14:1 Bethlehem monk juxtaposed widely known information about mythological creatures with the well-known story from the Book of Genesis about the conflict of Esau with Jacob. This let him explain why the followers of Judaism and heretics are the allies when it comes to fighting with the Church. Anti-Judaism and anti-heretic polemic was one of the most important topic brought up by alexandrine exegesis that Jerome was influenced by during his whole life.
EN
The article concerns Commentaria in Isaiam 7:10-16 (cf. PL 24. 107 A-113 B), which was written by St. Jerome of Stridon. In this article, I was looking for an answer to the question of how St. Jerome interprets „The Emmanuel Prophecy”: whether in the literal or allegorical sense? The literal interpretation of Isa 7:10-16 refers to the prophecy of Hezekiah, who was to give birth to the wife of King Ahaz (cf. 2Sam 7:1), the author of Vulgate sees a typical sense in this passage. So Emmanuel is a prefiguration of Jesus Christ („Qui postea vocabitur Jesus, id est, "Salvator", eo quod universum hominum genus salvaturus sit, nunc a te Emmanuelis appelletur vocabulo”; PL 24, 111 C). In my opinion, Commentaria in Isaiam 7:10-16 undoubtedly its value is interesting for researchers dealing with Ancient translations of the Bible, because St. Jerome – vir trilinguis (cf. Apologia adversus libros Rufini 3, 6, PL 23, 462A) who writes in Latin and uses Greek and Hebrew quite well, he copes with the criticism of the text by juxtaposing with the original Bible text the ancient translations available to him (LXX, Aquila, Symmachus and Theodotion).
PL
Św. Hieronim ze Strydonu, nazywany princeps exegetarum, utrwalił się w pamięci potomnych ogromną ilością dzieł. Najważniejszym dziełem i celem życia Hieronima była praca nad Pismem Świętym. Zabłysnął on również objaśniając Pismo Święte. Stworzył wiele komentarzy biblijnych zarówno dla ksiąg Starego, jak i Nowego Testamentu. W niniejszym artykule pochyliliśmy się nad Hieronimowym komentarzem do Iz 7,10-16 (Commentaria in Isaiam, PL 24, 107 A-113 B) poszukując odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jaki sposób Strydończyk interpretuje „Proroctwo o Emmanuelu”. Czy ów starożytny biblista interpretację mesjańską tego proroctwa wyjaśnia w sensie dosłownym i odnosi ją do Ezechiasza, którego miała porodzić żona króla Achaza, co miałoby być znakiem trwałości dynastii Dawidowej (por. 2Sm 7,1nn.), czy może Hieronim dopatruje się tutaj sensu typicznego i odnosi ów passus do Chrystusa? Podjęliśmy także próbę ukazania na wybranych fragmentach, w jaki sposób Hieronim – vir trilinguis, piszący po łacinie, a posługujący się dość dobrze greką i hebrajskim, radzi sobie z krytyką tekstu zestawiając z oryginalnym tekstem Biblii dostępne mu starożytne przekłady Iz 7,10-16. Fragmenty z Hieronimowego dzieła podaliśmy w tłumaczeniu własnym.
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