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EN
This paper is based on the author's two-year sociological field research in Saudi Arabia, where Islam has a major influence on every aspect of life. For example, the need for specialists and affordable manual labor from abroad is a direct result of the dysfunctional education system, which is heavily influenced by the cultural and sociological consequences of the Wahhabi interpretation of the Qur'an. The author demonstrates that the Wahhabi vision of Islam is the key factor responsible for preserving traditional customs, the maintenance of power by the Royal family, and that it holds back the sociological effects of globalization.
PL
Przedstawiony esej jest wynikiem dwuletnich badań terenowych w Arabii Saudyjskiej, gdzie Islam ma głęboki wpływ na każdy aspekt życia. Na przykład, zapotrzebowanie na wykwalifikowanych zagranicznych pracowników fizycznych w osiągalnej cenie wynika w prostej linii z dysfunkcyjnego systemu edukacji, który pozostaje pod silnym wpływem wahhabistycznej interpretacji Koranu. Autorka wykazuje, iż wahhabistyczna wizja Koranu jest kluczowym czynnikiem odpowiedzialnym za zachowanie tradycji, pozostanie królewskiej rodziny przy władzy, oraz że powstrzymuje ona społeczne efekty globalizacji.
EN
The system of financing political parties in Poland is based on the principle of budgetary subsidy. Commonly criticised, the system underwent a change in 2011, which meant a 50 % decrease in the subsidy. The change was received positively by the general public, although the system requires further reforms. They might evolve in three directions, namely: 1. eradication of subsidy and considering political parties private enterprises, 2. replacing the already existing system with the so - called targeted subsidies, 3. introducing 1 % deduction from the income tax of the citizens. In the Polish political conditions, connected with the present majority electoral law, targeted subsidies seem to be the most effective solution, though. There are many such examples in this area in other European Union countries.
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