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EN
This paper discusses the most important theoretical foundations of Islamic banking, presents some controversies related to the comparison of the performance of Islamic and conventional banks during the global financial crisis and points out several problems that may influence further development of Islamic banking and its relation to conventional banking.
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Islam a gospodarka

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The history of market economy clearly links its origin and dynamic development with the Western civilisation. And it is the Christianity that is one of the foundations of the Western civilisation. It can therefore be said that in this case religion helped (or at least did not hinder) the start of a new economic system. Are, however, other religions as open to inevitable changes caused by the market economy? Do they create conditions conducive to institutional and social changes indispensable for the functioning of capitalism? The answer to the above-mentioned questions is particularly interesting with respect to Islam which, in terms of number of believers is the second religion in the world. Dozens of countries in which Islam is the main religion pose undoubted political potential. Nevertheless, the economic potential of these countries (apart from their natural resources) is significantly smaller than the political/ demographic one. The economies of the majority of Muslim countries can hardly fall into the category of market economy as compared to Western standards.. The reasons for this are manifold, but one of the main is religion. Islam does not aid such transformations and processes which are necessary for the development of capitalism. Therefore, it is not a coincidence that the economies of countries where Islam is present in its more liberal version (as it is in Turkey) function better.
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