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1

THE REASONS FOR WOMEN'S PARTICIPATION IN UPRISING BATTLES- GUERILLA IN LATIN AMERICA

100%

Sniadecka-Kotarska M.

Etnografia Polska

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2004

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vol. 48

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issue 1-2

177-195

EN

The authoress presents the study of the participation and role of women in the guerilla movements in Latin America. The study spans the period between the second half of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century. The problem of the women's contribution to the guerilla wars has been hardly ignored by now, still it is really worth our interest, and for many reasons. One of them is the high social basis of women in the groups ( 30%-40%) in all those countries where the rebel movements took place. Another refers to the motivations of the women who, first of all, decided to join the guerilla groups in order to change the asymmetric male-female relationships based on discrimination of women. The comparative analysis of the role of women included two areas: the Carribean-Mezzoamerican (Cuba, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Mexico) and the Andean (Columbia, Peru). It was in those countries that the guerilla wars lasted for various periods of time, ranging from 3 to 40 years. No matter how long the war lasted, women were always present in the groups, the number of which ranged from a few to over a dozen in particular countries. There are three categories of issues the authoress deals with: In the first one she juxtaposes and compares the areas and duration of the guerilla wars as well as social status, ethno-racial identity and age of the women fighters. Next, she discusses the promises of the guerilla ideologists, theoretical and vague in fact, which were intended to attract women to the combat, and the more matter-of-fact motivation of the women themselves. In the second part the participation of women is presented: kind of training the women had to go through, kind of battles and other tasks they were assigned to, their chances for promotion, functions they fulfilled, their successes and failures. Next category of issues concern changing male-female relationships within the guerilla groups, the personal relationships of the fighting women, their revolutionary marriages, but also the problem of abortion and contraception. In the conclusion the authoress points at the variety of the women's participation in the guerilla in particular countries depending on how the war ended, whether it was won or lost, ended with compromise or is still lasting. But there is something that all those situations have in common. In spite of the long-lasting commitment and sacrifice, in spite of the fact that the efforts of men and women were equal, the women haven't managed to take advantage of those experiences and to transfer the more egalitarian relationships of the guerilla groups into civilian life. Women who used to be fighting revolutionaries, now don't know how to join, like their male fellow-fighters, into legal political structures and to vie for positions in professional, social and cultural life. After years of fighting, irrespective for their courage and how well they had deserved of the cause, later they returned to the traditional women's roles again-those of women-mothers, the souls of home (alma de casa).

2

POLITYKA IMIGRACYJNA WYBRANYCH PAŃSTW AMERYKI ŁACIŃSKIEJ NA PRZEŁOMIE XIX I XX W.

100%

Kaganiec-Kamieńska A.

Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

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2012

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vol. 38

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issue 4(146)

57-82

EN

Migrants from the turn of the twentieth century are the fourth group, after the indigenous people, the colonizers, and the African group, which had a significant impact on the forming of Latin American societies. Initially, large migration streams have bypassed the region. After 1870, when the political situation has somewhat stabilized and certain countries have initiated activities aimed ai attracting foreigners, the inflow of migrants significantly increased. Many countries encouraged arrival, yet the one receiving most people was Argentina, which in the years 1830-1932 was the second major destination for migrants after the United States. Next to Argentina, the largest inflow of newcomers was noted by Brazil. On top of that Uruguay appeared to be an attractive place as well, while in the first decades of the twentieth century many immigrants also turned their steps towards Cuba. In the period of mass migration those four countries received over 90% of arrivals from Europe, who were looking for a new life in Latin America. The main objective of the paper is to present an outline of the changes which took place in the policies of selected Latin American countries at the turn of the twentieth century, starting from pro-immigration policies to the introduction of limits on immigration in the 1930s. The focus is on four countries, which received the most people at that time. Migration policies have been discussed in light of major flows of migrants from Europe and Asia.

3

Problemáticas de la crítica literaria. Narrativa negrista en el Perú

88%

de Llano A.

Estudios Hispánicos

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2010

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vol. 18

109-118

EN

This paper briefly describes the historical process of the inclusion of black culture during the era of America’s colonization and the interpretive reading of it was done from the perspective of literary criticism. This has been referred to concepts related to both black culture itself and a new thinking about identity concept. It also offers a tour of some literary expressions of the twentieth century Peruvian narrative: Matalaché by Albújar Lopez, Monólogo desde las tinieblas by Gálvez Ronceros, Babá Osaím, cimarrón, ora por la santa muerta by Cromwell Jara Jiménez, finally Tierra de caléndula and Crónicas de músicos y diablos by Gregorio Martínez. In conclusion, the paper raises issues that arise for literary criticism because of this study object.

4

JOSÉ CARLOS MARIÁTEGUI

75%

Dinušová D.

Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

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2015

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vol. 8

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issue 1

73 – 92

EN

The study focuses on the life and work of one of the most prominent representatives of revolutionary social and political thought in Latin America – José Carlos Mariátegui. It attempts to grasp fundamental aspects of Mariátegui’s philosophical heritage with an emphasis on the application of his ideas today. In addition to looking into his biography, it focuses on Mariátegui‘s humanism, Marxist approach to the interpretation of the Peruvian reality and his emphasis on the revolution as a strategy for social change, taking into account the historical, political and cultural realities of Peruvian society.

5

JOSÉ MARTÍ

75%

Dinušová D.

Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

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2016

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vol. 9

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issue 2

86 – 113

EN

The paper focuses on the life and work of the Cuban writer, philosopher and revolutionary José Martí, who left a visible mark on the history of his region. The paper offers a new perspective on his life, his political, journalistic and literary activity. It reflects upon José Martí’s thought, his contribution to culture and philosophy, defining his place in the evolution of revolutionary thinking in the 19th and 20th centuries. Special attention is given to Jose Marti’s attitude to Marxism as a movement which influenced the developments in Cuba and Latin America. The study concludes with a modern rendering of Martí’s work in the context of the current social and political situation.

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LATINITÉ JAKO REGRESIVNÍ NACIONALISMUS (LATINSKÁ AMERIKA A QUÉBEC)

75%

Vrbata A.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2016

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vol. 20

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issue 1

98 – 122

EN

Latinité concept as it was conceived in the 19th-century southern Europe found very wide range of application in Europe and American overseas. Conservative elites of European origin resorted to such imagery matrix above all because it constituted an effective way how to justify various types of dictatorships. Latin America but also Québec and French communities in the USA resorted to the similar concepts as an effective answer to Anglo-protestant dominance in the northwestern hemisphere. Latinité was conceived as a universal and conservative politico-social concept of hierarchical, traditional and corporativist state venerating classical values of Latin nations. This vision had a particular religious and spiritual element, because it frequently referred to Catholic providentialism traditionally linked not just to the conservative dictatorships but also to the overseas colonial expansionist projects. Latinité vision reached significant achievements in form of long- or short-lasting dictatorial regimes both in Europe and Latin America and in the project of French America restoration, too.

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2 Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

1 Estudios Hispánicos

1 Etnografia Polska

1 Studia Historica Nitriensia

1 Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny

2 Dinušová D.

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1 Sniadecka-Kotarska M.

1 Vrbata A.

1 de Llano A.

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