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PL
Wzrost potencjału społeczno-gospodarczego regionu wiąże się z poprawą jego konkurencyjności, co z kolei przekłada się na jakość życia jego mieszkańców. W procesie rozwoju obszarów wiejskich istotną rolę odgrywają organizacje pozarządowe o wymiarze lokalnym, które dopełniają działania instytucji sektora publicznego, jednocześnie pobudzając zaangażowanie społeczeństwa wiejskiego w poprawę atrakcyjności określonej przestrzeni. W opracowaniu odniesiono się do partnerstwa terytorialnego, które realizowane było w ramach osi 4 LEADER przyjętej w Programie Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich na lata 2007-2013. Badanie przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem metody wywiadu bezpośredniego, w którym narzędziem badawczym był autorski kwestionariusz ankietowy. Jego celem była ocena poziomu satysfakcji mieszkańców wsi z przedsięwzięć współfinansowanych przez PROW w zakresie realizacji przyjętych celów funkcjonowania LGD Stowarzyszenie „Południowa Warmia”. Społeczność lokalna pozytywnie ocenia działanie stowarzyszenia, które przyczynia się do poprawy jakości życia mieszkańców wsi. Artykuł ma charakter badawczy.
EN
The increase of the socio-economic potential of the region is connected with the improvement of its competitiveness and so with the quality of life of its inhabitants. In the process of rural development, NGOs with a local dimension play an important role, complementing the activities of public sector institutions, while stimulating the involvement of rural society in improving the attractiveness of a given area. This paper deals with the territorial partnership that was implemented under the LEADER axis 4 adopted in the Rural Development Programme for 2007-2013. The research was conducted using the direct interview method, in which the research tool was the author’s questionnaire. The main objective was to evaluate the level of satisfaction of rural residents with the results of projects co-founded by RDP as regards the implementation of the objectives of functioning of the LAG – Association of “South Warmia”. Local community positively evaluate action conducted by Association, which contributes to the quality of life of residents of rural areas. The article is of the research nature.
RU
Рост социально-экономического потенциала региона связан с повышением его конкурентоспособности, что, в свою очередь, связано с качеством жизни его жителей. В процессе развития сельской местности существенную роль игра- ют неправительственные организации местного характера, которые дополняют действия учреждений публичного сектора, одновременно стимулируя вовле- ченность сельского населения в повышение привлекательности определенного пространства. В работе отнеслись к территориальному партнерству, которое было реализовано в рамках оси 4 LEADER, принятой в Программе развития сельской местности на 2007-2013 гг. Обследование провели с использованием метода прямого интервью, в котором исследовательским инструментом был авторский вопросник анкеты. Его цель – оценить уровень удовлетворения жи- телей села мерами, финансируемыми ПРСМ по достижению принятых целей функционирования Локальной группы действий, Общества «Южная Вармия». Местные жители положительно оценивают действия общества, которые спо- собствуют повышению качества жизни сельского населения.
EN
Amongst different definitions with which the picture of a leader is associated, there also appear ones that provide a key aspect in the process of unifying people into a greater whole. The concept of the aspect is essential, since it unveils the nature of its character as one of the primary elements which has an effect on the development of collective consciousness. The present solutions we will concentrate on are the extraction of the significance of a leader one who evinces and is a symbolic representation of certain collective envisions, feelings, needs and wants, which, when experienced between people, strengthens the bonds throughout the whole unit. These issues will be explained in the perspective theory of the psychology of depth, especially the trends that concentrate on investigating the occurrence of the collective unconsciousness (ignorance). Also, I will appeal to A. Mindell’s concept of deep democracy and its indigenous role of a leader being the facilitator of social processes. Supplementation of these phenomenological trends will be provided by D. Goleman’s approach from the point of view of emotional intelligence, whose roots lie in neurophysiology.
EN
The article aims to present the stages of the LEADER programme and its influence on greater activity and integration of inhabitants by, e.g. extending the knowledge of tradition and national heritage and the actions intended for the integration of local communities. It is noticeable particularly in the implementation of the activities within Axis 4 of the 2007–2013 Rural Development Programme. Positive changes in rural areas are a result of building strong social and human capitals, which are important factors of local development. The skills and the ability for cooperation of a local community allows it to implement many projects. The investments made by beneficiaries of the LEADER programme improve the level of living and the quality of life in the countryside. The effect is an improvement in physical infrastructure and tourist attractiveness as a result of care for the rural landscape and cultural heritage. The implementation of the LEADER programme is presented on the example of Wielkopolskie Voivodeship where the participation in actions for local communities is deeply ingrained. In order to show spatial differences in the activity of local entities under Local Action Groups in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship, classes were selected on the basis of funds received by local entities in the LAG areas. There are 36 Local Action Groups operating in Wielkopolska (of which 31 have seats in this region).
EN
Basing on the study of two cases an analysis has been conducted of the procedures of local development within the framework of the program LEADER (4th axis of the Program for the Development of Rural Areas). Theatrical terminology has been used purposefully. The first part of the paper characterizes - basing on various types of existing sources such as local development strategies, the structural frames for development ventures, which constitute the scenery in which the action of local development is set. The second part of the paper characterizes the collective actors of development, that is local action groups formed in a purposeful way. Is it actually possible to shape social reality in accordance with some imposed framework or is this reality certain to burst and annihilate the carefully modeled framework? Are the structures formed in this way able to act, that is to manifest certain cohesion and integration necessary in collective efforts? In trying to answer these questions the author refers to the existing documents and her own investigations. The third part of the paper is devoted to the description of individual actors and their resources of human and social capital. It also characterizes the relations of individual actors with communities in which they live and for which they act and presents their views on public matters and political attitudes.
EN
The article aims to present the stages of the LEADER programme and its influence on greater activity and integration of inhabitants by, e.g. extending the knowledge of tradition and national heritage and the actions intended for the integration of local communities. It is noticeable particularly in the implementation of the activities within Axis 4 of the 2007–2013 Rural Development Programme. Positive changes in rural areas are a result of building strong social and human capitals, which are important factors of local development. The skills and the ability for cooperation of a local community allows it to implement many projects. The investments made by beneficiaries of the LEADER programme improve the level of living and the quality of life in the countryside. The effect is an improvement in physical infrastructure and tourist attractiveness as a result of care for the rural landscape and cultural heritage. The implementation of the LEADER programme is presented on the example of Wielkopolskie Voivodeship where the participation in actions for local communities is deeply ingrained. In order to show spatial differences in the activity of local entities under Local Action Groups in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship, classes were selected on the basis of funds received by local entities in the LAG areas. There are 36 Local Action Groups operating in Wielkopolska (of which 31 have seats in this region).
EN
The aim of this study is to present the basic methodological elements of the LEADER Community Initiative in rural development established in 1991 and its practical implementation in geography. The most important principle of the LEADER programme is the territorial approach and the appearance of local communities in a relevant subregional and landscape context. The determination and creation of a natural and cultural geographical framework is not at all an easy task, although the LEADER cautiously puts down basic principles and makes clear references to spatial definition of local action groups. The aim of LEADER I is to demonstrate the spatial segregation of these communities and to evolve a particular image and a kind of critical mass (population, resources) to build a relative self-sufficiency
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja zaangażowania małych miast województwa śląskiego we wdrażanie metody Leader oraz – za jej pośrednictwem – ich wpływu na rozwój lokalny. Założono, iż małe miasta posiadają potencjał instytucjonalno-organizacyjny pozwalający na aktywne angażowanie się w inicjatywy pobudzenia rozwoju lokalnego, także we współpracy z obszarami wiejskimi. W artykule zbadano zaangażowanie podmiotów miejskich w struktury LGD, lokalizację biura LGD oraz tematykę i beneficjentów projektów składanych w ramach Leadera w latach 2009-2013. Wyniki badań wskazały na dość ograniczone zaangażowanie małych miast w Leadera, a tym samym podały w wątpliwość jakość posiadanego przez nie potencjału instytucjonalnego.
EN
Small towns can cooperate with rural areas through Leader approach (integral part of the UE rural development policy) as a method of enhancing their local development. It seems that the institutions which are created in small towns may potentially have better knowledge, competence and financial resources to address local needs using Leader projects. The main goal of this paper is to analyse the scope of small towns involvement in Leader in the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. The majority of small towns (which meet the formal conditions) in the Silesian Voivodeship cooperate with rural areas in the implementation of Leader. In spite of this fact, the observed level of towns’ involvement is low, which may be a symptom of their limited role in the local development. Moreover it may also be a sign, that small towns in the Silesian Voivodeship do not have institutional and organizational potential, which could be used to play a more active role in stimulating local development.
PL
Program LEADER pozwala na pozyskanie dodatkowych środków finansowych w celu realizacji projektów, które wykorzystują i poprawiają istniejące zasoby lokalne na obszarach funkcjonowania lokalnych grup działania. Województwo wielkopolskie jest zróżnicowane pod względem zasobów przyrodniczych i infrastruktury technicznej, co przekłada się na wielkość i liczbę realizowanych projektów na obszarach funkcjonowania LGD.
EN
Success in rural areas is a result of building strong social and human capital, which is an important factor of local development. A local community’s skills and ability to cooperate allows it to implement many projects within the framework of a Local Action Group (LAG). Such activities are driven by concern for the rural landscape and cultural heritage. There are 36 Local Action Groups operating in Wielkopolska, of which 31 are based in this voivodeship. LAG initiatives seek to stimulate the social activity of residents, reinforce their sense of regional identity, and improve social infrastructure. They contribute to the development of local activity and are a big step towards building up social capital in the Wielkopolska countryside. The popularity of this form of activity demonstrates that LAGs fully employ their power to activate local communities.
PL
Sukcesy na obszarach wiejskich są wynikiem budowania silnych kapitałów społecznego i ludzkiego, które są ważnym czynnikiem rozwoju lokalnego. Umiejętność oraz zdolność współpracy społeczności lokalnej pozwalają na realizację wielu projektów. Lokalne Grupy Działania poprzez realizację działania „Małe projekty” inicjują aktywizację mieszkańców. Działania te związane są z dbałością o krajobraz i dziedzictwo kulturowe na wsi. W województwie wielkopolskim funkcjonuje 36 (w tym 31 z siedzibą w Wielkopolsce) Lokalnych Grup Działania.
10
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Komodifikace venkova a utváření identity regionu

70%
EN
This paper focuses on the commodification and marketisation of Czech rural areas and on the consequences these processes have for regional identities. Through a case study of a Local Action Group (LAG), the paper traces the construction of rurality and the ways in which rurality is employed as an identity tool and a market commodity. The study is grounded in a constructivist approach in rural sociology, emphasising the multiplicity of meanings ascribed to the rural by stakeholders. The study highlights the identity politics produced by rural development programmes and the implications these have for defining regional borders and for the very notion of ‘rurality’. Commodification gives rise to a sphere of cultural economics, whereby the past and natural and cultural heritage are sold on the market. The establishment of a certified brand of regional products is an important tool of cultural economics. Two layers of identity are traced in the study of this process (and of the activities of the LAG in general). The paper argues that the tension between the layers of marketised identity and quasi-natural identity reflects the tension between professional and lay discourses of rurality.
Asian and African Studies
|
2010
|
vol. 19
|
issue 1
26-47
EN
The paper discuss a number of changes that the Biblical image of Moses underwent among Chinese intellectuals between the 1920s and 1930s. The author demonstrates that in the 1930s Moses was regarded mainly as an ideal leader. Chinese intellectuals were also interested in the God of Moses in the 1930s and a discussion of this is included with an explanation regarding Moses' role as a religious leader. Finally, Moses' relevance to nationalism in the 1930s and 1940s is addressed. Through the discussion of Moses' changing image, the paper attempts to display how the Old Testament became a continuous and important source of inspiration to modern Chinese intellectuals in their fight for China's revival and national rebuilding.
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