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FIRST RESULTS OF USE-WEAR ANALYSIS OF THE LEAF POINTS FROM MORAVANY NAD VÁHOM-DLHÁ

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Pyżewicz K., Nemergut A.

Študijné zvesti

2021

vol. 68

issue suppl. 2

63 - 82

In the last century, a big number of specific poplar-leaf shape points were obtained during the archaeological research at the Moravany nad Váhom-Dlhá. The assemblage contains numerous points of various sizes, methods of production at different stages of completion. The paper presents the results of use-wear analysis of the selected leaf points from Moravany nad Váhom-Dlhá. The study focuses on the relation between the morphology, raw material use, size of the points and the character of macroscopic and microscopic traces associated with their use and hafting, as well as the localization on the points. However, from the aspect of use-wear analysis, the collection is a bit problematic. It has been obtained a long time ago, mostly in 1943 and 1963. Instead of being packed separately, numerous leaf points were stored together only in few boxes. Many of them are damaged either by production, or as a result of post depositional processes, lowering the visibility of the original use-wear traces. First microscopic analysis indicates that these types of tools were probably used as hunting equipment.

FOUND IN A BOX. UNKNOWN BIFACIAL LEAF POINT FROM THE KOZIARNIA CAVE

86%

Kot M., Gryczewska N.

Študijné zvesti

2021

vol. 68

issue suppl. 2

19 – 30

Throughout the 19th century, caves of the Polish Jura have become of interest to both businessmen and amateur archaeologist. The landlord of Ojców, Jan Zawisza, explored the caves in search of traces of ancient man and conducted his excavations which were subsequently published. At the same time, neighbouring landowners started cooperation with the Prussian Mining Office and exploited caves for their soils, rich in organic matter, including phosphoric acid. Sediments removed from the caves were later sold as a natural field fertiliser. Industrial mining of the caves brought to the light numerous artefacts and bones of extinct animals, which were entrusted to the palaeontologist Ferdinand Römer, director of Mineralogical Museum at Breslau University. The assemblage from Nietoperzowa Cave, the first cave around Ojców to be mined for soil, became the starting point of Römer’s collection and his fieldworks in the area. Koziarnia Cave was one of the caves exploited on request of the landowner and later excavated on Römer’s behalf by Oskar Grube. Among other artefacts, a single leaf point was found and published from Koziarnia Cave. Many years later, when a new transitional industry – Jerzmanowician – was identified, based on the mentioned leaf point, the cave has been included into a group of scarce cave sites attributed to the new Middle/Upper Palaeolithic transitional entity. In the second half of the 20th century, Waldemar Chmielewski conducted extensive fieldworks at the site but failed to find other artefacts that could be linked with the leaf point published by Römer. Meanwhile, the only bifacial leaf point from Koziarnia Cave has been lost. However, recently conducted studies of Römer’s collection brought into light one more bifacial leaf point from Koziarnia Cave. This paper aims to show this previously unpublished leaf point with the use of modern analytical approach in order to present new evidence of Jerzmanowician occupation in the Koziarnia Cave.

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2 Študijné zvesti

1 Gryczewska N.

1 Kot M.

1 Nemergut A.

1 Pyżewicz K.

2 2021

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FIRST RESULTS OF USE-WEAR ANALYSIS OF THE LEAF POINTS FROM MORAVANY NAD VÁHOM-DLHÁ

FOUND IN A BOX. UNKNOWN BIFACIAL LEAF POINT FROM THE KOZIARNIA CAVE