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ÚSILIE O AUTORSKÚ OSOBITNOSŤ V KONTEXTE TRADÍCIE ŽÁNRU (JÁN ČAJAK: RODINA ROVESNÝCH)

100%
Hučková D.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2012
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vol. 59
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issue 3
217 – 229
EN
Ján Čajak´s novel The Rovesný Family (1909) was consciously composed as a work set in the present. It widely responded to the current problems of that time but in a way it also took account of the contemporary readers´ preferences and literary genre patterns. Within the framework of the contemporary genre range it employs three types of narrative with three different types of topics/motifs: 1. the ideological narrative (the situation of the national education system in the Hungarian Empire after adopting the school, so called Appony´s laws in the year 1906, in the inter-ethnic relationship Hungarians – Slovaks), 2. the national narrative (national movements: the renegades versus the nationally aware – as an internal problem of the national community) and 3. the strait narrative (love and personal, partnership problems). Each of the narratives has a different modality (radical criticism – schematism – sentimentalism) and a different extent of employing the reality, ideality and fiction (realism/documentarism – idealism – fictiousness/literariness). At the same time the narrations in question fall into three genre patterns: 1. the political novel (realistic depiction of the situation in the national education system full of disillusion having a tragic ending), 2. the initiation novel (containing obvious utopian features, initiation of a young person into the national struggle and inflaming him/her for the national issues in utopian ideal world), 3. the romance (sentimental) novel (accenting the partners´ different ethnicity and social inequality, alternatively similarity of their national beliefs and economic independence and equality of each of the partners). Differentiating between the individual layers discloses the discourse status in Čajak´s prose, demonstrating the stylistic disparity of the individual storylines. The author´s ideological solution lies in questioning the passive approach and celebrating the activity regardless of nationality and moral credit.
2

IDYLICKÉ AKO SYMPTÓM (V NARATÍVNEJ ŠTRUKTÚRE TEXTOV SLOVENSKÉHO LITERÁRNEHO REALIZMU)

100%
Kendra M.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2018
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vol. 65
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issue 2
116 — 129
EN
The study aims to approach the idyllic within the context of realistic representation not as a category represented by strictly specified group of idyllic means of expression but rather a stylistic layer in which variability of expression plays a major role. The study focuses on particular examples of authorial metalepsis and intrusions of extradiegetic narrator which undermines mimetic illusion of realistic narrative and, as a result, the inventiveness of the story and the idyllic nature of the narrative are foregrounded. Several examples extracted from various genres (a travelogue, a short story, a sketch) and authors (G. K. Zechenter-Laskomerský, M. Kukučín and S. H. Vajanský) of Slovak literary realism are given to demonstrate the shifts from the realistic to the idyllic caused by the metaleptic quality of narrative embedding. The communicative value and the effect of the idyllic are determined by the technique how the narrative is integrated into the context of complex literary expression. The change of functional perspective from the realistic to the idyllic in the fiction concerned is signalled by the symptom of anachronism considered illegitimate in temporal and causal system of realistic depiction. The symptom challenges its epistemological and educational function and in the study it is evaluated as the expression of desire for transgression of relations of successiveness and equivalence, logic and causality of objective, external necessity typical of literary techniques of the period.
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