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1

MINULÉ ŽIVOTY JOHNA LOCKA: MORÁLNA ZODPOVEDNOSŤ A PAMÄŤOVÉ KRITÉRIUM OSOBNEJ IDENTITY

100%
Rozemberg A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2018
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vol. 73
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issue 6
458 – 468
EN
One of the John Locke´s most controversial claims is that we should not be held responsible for the deeds of which we genuinely have no recollection as performed. We are only responsible for the acts of which we are conscious. The reason behind is the assertion that the personal identity equals the identity of consciousness. This concept of person is the background of Locke´s claim that the immaterial substance (IS) is irrelevant for personal identity. I argue, that if we had only a very unclear idea of IS and could not give any clear explanation of the relationship between IS and a person, the excluding of IS from the identity discourse would be highly dubious. Further, I argue that the memory criterion of the personal identity is problematic for many reasons, and that the missing continuity of memories between lives is compatible with the idea of justice and practical concerns.
2

KONCEPT VLASTNÍCTVA V LOCKOVEJ POLITICKEJ FILOZOFII

100%
Manda V.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 4
291 – 302
EN
Locke’s conception of private property, as developed mainly in his Two Treatises on Government, is still being discussed among philosophers. The paper is intended as a contribution to the historical-logical interpretation of some aspects of his concept of property. Contrary to most interpreters who underline the external determinations, the author tries to see the changes of the concept from inside the process of its development. Based on this approach is then the description of the development of property from its original to its highest, i.e. legal form.
3

LOWE ON LOCKE'S AND FREGE'S CONCEPTION OF NUMBER

72%
Arrieta-Urtizberea A.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2010
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vol. 17
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issue 1
39-52
EN
In his last book on Locke's philosophy, E. J. Lowe claims that Frege's arguments against the Lockean conception of number are not compelling, while at the same time he painstakingly defines the Lockean conception Lowe himself espouses. The aim of this paper is to show that the textual evidence considered by Lowe may be interpreted in another direction. This alternative 'reading' of Frege's arguments throws light on Frege's and Lowe's different 'agendas'. Moreover, in this paper, the problem of singular sentences of number is presented, and Frege's and Lowe's views are confronted with it.
4

LOCKE ON PERSONAL IDENTITY: THE FORM OF THE SELF

72%
Azeri S.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 3
222-239
EN
In line with the empiricist project, Locke tries to describe how unconscious encounters with environment yield to the emergence of consciousness. For Locke the self is identical with consciousness and consciousness is accessible empirically. As far as the identity of human is concerned, identity of the self depends on the consciousness of the person. The person is identical to himself to the extent that he is aware of his own perceptions and thinking. The range of the person's memory sets the limits of consciousness. According to Locke, consciousness is an element that accompanies all acts of thinking including act of recollection. Such accompanying consciousness constitutes the form of the identity of the self, whereas memory-ideas may be considered the content of consciousness. Therefore, it is this formal constitutive element that provides constancy of the idea of the self. If so, then it can be claimed that Locke's approach to the question of the self results in admitting the truth of what he intends to reject and it is self-defeating; this is to say that, Locke's methodology pushes him to adopt a Platonic-Aristotelian formal theory of identity in general and of personal identity in particular.
5

VZŤAH SLOBODY, BEZPEČNOSTI A PRÁVNEHO ŠTÁTU (INTER ARMA SILENT LEGES)

72%
Hodás M.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
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2013
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vol. 96
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issue 3
201 – 221
EN
Security risks of today, terrorism, these are the factors that lead to breaching the traditional legal guarantees of the individual and to change of perception of human rights. The author deals with the thesis that the state must guarantee human rights, but in the effective elimination of security threats is forced to violate them. Against the background of the historical development of human rights and in the context of the philosophical concepts of relationship of the state and individual, relationship of freedom and security by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Immanuel Kant, the author seeks to clarify the function of human rights and the risk of breaching them. Guarantees of the freedom of individual are a response to impending dangers. Violation of human rights means loss of legitimacy of the state action. Security measures are often overreaction of state. We should not stop the effort to take the human as a purpose not means.
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