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STEFANIA LOBACZEWSKA AS A MUSIC CRITIC

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Dziadek M.

Muzyka

2004

vol. 49

issue 4(195)

87-112

This paper analyses the contents and the aesthetic and ideological principles of musical reviews published by Stefania Lobaczewska in 'Gazeta Lwowska' during the years 1928-34. Particular prominence has been given to those elements of her music criticism which allow one to place it within the framework of ideological doctrines and programmes of musical composition of the period and to search for connections of her writing with the 'women's writing' and the socialist realism. The choice of these centexts was motivated by the urgent need to discover the sources of socialist sympathies expressed by a number of Polish authors of that period. Some, Stefania Lobaczewska among them, have been wrongly linked to the Soviet version of the socialist realism. As a young writer, Lobaczewska came into contact with the heritage of the Lvov 'women's movement' and adopted its main principles and attitudes. These involved pursuing the goals of self-improvement and social activism as well as undertaking what Polish feminine culture of that time regarded as a 'woman's sacred duty' - working for the better education and spiritual enrichment of society, and of the lower classes in particular. At the centre of the ideology which Lobaczewska created for herself in her work as reviewer, the key word is 'man', more precisely 'the average man', 'working man', a representative of the 'masses'. Contact with authentic, valuable art is supposed to facilitate the achievement of these results. Such an ideology has a lot in common with the principles expounded by the main representatives of socialism in Poland and is not identical to the Soviet version of socialist doctrine. An important aspect of Lobaczewska's thinking concerned contemporary music. The author perceived it as a stylistically varied, aesthetically uncrystallized preparatory stage on the way towards the formation of a universal 'music of the future'. For Lobaczewska, Karol Szymanowski was an artist of truly exceptional calibre. Reviews devoted to him are almost worshipful in nature. She adopted a similar attitude to other Polish composers. The years of devoted work as a reviewer resulted in a series of essays 'U zródel twórczosci muzycznej' (At the sources of musical creativity), published in 'Gazeta Lwowska' in 1934. On the one hand, they represented a recapitulation of views expressed in her reviews; on the other, they constitute a preparatory stage for her volume 'Ogólny zarys estetyki muzycznej' (An overview of musical aesthetics), published in 1938..

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STEFANIA LOBACZEWSKA AS A MUSIC CRITIC