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Wokół Stołu Pańskiego – sakramentalne dziedzictwo Reformacji

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Sojka J.

Gdański Rocznik Ewangelicki

2012

vol. 6

197-211

The Lutheran understanding of Lord’s Supper, formed in course of the 16th century arguments, is an important heritage present in today’s reflection of Lutheranism worldwide. Its main outline can be observed based on the most commonly acknowledged Symbolical Books: Luther's Small Catechism and Augsburg Confession, as well as Martin Luther’s early sermon The Blessed Sacrament of the Holy and True Body of Christ, and the Brotherhoods (1519). Among them are: the Lord’s Supper as nota ecclesiae (Mark of the Church), confirma¬tion of body and blood’s presence in bread and wine, salvation as benefit of the sacrament, as well as communion built among those approaching the sac¬rament. In the reflection of the Lutheran World Federation (LWF), the biggest confessional organisation of Lutheranism, Lord’s Supper as nota ecclesiae (Augsburg Confession, art. VII) has a special significance. This article shapes LWF’s ecclesiological self-understanding (introducing pulpit and altar fellow¬ship in LWF, LWF as a communio of churches). The unity model from art. VII also influences Lutheran ecumenical engagement (the model of unity in rec¬onciled diversity, Leuenberg Agreement). The LWF also started a debate on sufficiency of the notae ecclesiae from art. VII, which were also an important argument in the ongoing debates (e.g. concerning worship). The interpreta¬tion of body and blood’s presence in the sacrament is a challenge for LWF’s theological reflexion, while remaining a reference point defining the meaning of a sacrament (e.g. in the context of mission and diaconia). In the LWF’s debate, as sacrament’s benefits, next to salvation, appear: communion, strengthening to everyday life of a Christian, healing. Reflexion on the Lord’s Supper became also an impulse for ethical consideration, both in context of unity of the church (the problem of apartheid in Lutheran churches of the Republic of South Africa), and critical view of economic ethics.

Rozumienie wspólnoty kościelnej w ewangelicyzmie. Światowa Federacja Luterańska jako rozwinięcie wizji eklezjologicznej Reformacji?

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Hintz M.

Gdański Rocznik Ewangelicki

2012

vol. 6

171-188

The beginning of the 16th century in western Christianity’s history was marked by the appearance of its third tendency, i.e. the Protestantism. In its two main confessional variants (Lutheranism, Calvinism) the protestant theology phrased different models of understanding of a church. The Lutheran ecclesiology was defined in The Augsburg Confession, Art. 5: “That we may obtain this faith, the Ministry of Teaching the Gospel and administering the Sacraments was instituted”. Teaching the Gospel and administering the Sacraments are thenceforth notae ecclesiae, i.e. constitutive marks of a church. In the 16th century and later the bond between autonomous, national Lutheran churches had only a spiritual character. Bringing the Lutheran World Federation to life in 1947 was a result of a long process of looking for a deeper bond between the Lutherans all over the world. LWF’s ecclesiology was developed on consecutive General Assemblies. In 1984 in Budapest the member churches’ delegates accepted the “pulpit and altar fellowship”, understood as a principle of membership and relations between LWF’s member churches. 1990 the Assembly in Curitiba (Brazil) introduced a change to the status, describing the Federation as a communion of churches. In the 21st century the communion of Lutheran churches is based on the Reformation’s idea of spiritual communion of believers, gathered around the common teachings of Gospel and altar, aiming at closer cooperation in the world, with advanced autonomy and possibility to formulate opinions independently or to continue local traditions. It is a completion of Reformation’s ecclesiological vision and an alternative model to integralist visions.

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2 Gdański Rocznik Ewangelicki

1 Hintz M.

1 Sojka J.

2 2012

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Wokół Stołu Pańskiego – sakramentalne dziedzictwo Reformacji

Rozumienie wspólnoty kościelnej w ewangelicyzmie. Światowa Federacja Luterańska jako rozwinięcie wizji eklezjologicznej Reformacji?