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Ladakh and Zanskar

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EN
The Himalayan mountain chain is orographically fragmented, both in the east-west and in the north-south directions. The latter area is characterised by a greater landscape diversity, owing to its zonality and the vertical zonation of both climate and vegetation. In term s of tectonics and orography, and taking into account the prevalent influence of the monsoon and Continental climates, the Himalayan mountain system can be divided into two parts - the external arc (southern), that is the Higher (or Great) Himalayas and the in ternal arc (northern), that is the so-called Trans-Himalayas. Similarly to the external arc of the Himalayas, the post-glacial relief in the Trans-Himalayas is marginal only. It is an area with a prevalence of denudation (nival, frost, gravitation and eolian) processes. Slopes of tectonic valleys or basins, covered with colourful surface deposits rising as high as even two thirds of their altitude, dominate the landscape. The Zanskar ridges and the Ladakh range represent a transitional zone between the Transhim alayas and Eastern Karakoram.
EN
The paper presents educational activities of Czech ecologist activists, members of the Brontosaurus movement, who have helped to build a school in a village in Ladakh in Northern India. They teach there as well– predominantly local teachers. The private school under the patronage of the Czech organization has significantly improved the educational offer in the village of Mulbekh and its vicinity. In spite of its availability only for some local children, the school educates using more and more modern and more effective educational methods. Czech volunteers are aware of possible threats resulting from a cultural distance. Therefore, they try to act according to exactly specified rules, which should minimize these problems. Keywords: intercultural education, volunteering, volunteer education, cultural distance, Czechs in the Himalaya, LadakhTranslated by Tadeusz Siwek and Zuzana Hartmannová
PL
Artykuł przedstawia działalność edukacyjną czeskich aktywistów z ekologicznego ruchu Brontosaurus, którzy od kilkunastu lat budują szkołę w jednej z wiosek w Ladakhu w północnych Indiach. Sami w niej też nauczają – przeważnie miejscowych nauczycieli. Prywatna szkoła pod patronatem czeskiej organizacji wyraźnie poprawiła ofertę edukacyjną wioski Mulbekh i jej okolic. I choć jest dostępna tylko dla części miejscowych dzieci, kształci, używając coraz bardziej nowoczesnych i skutecznych metod edukacyjnych. Czescy wolontariusze zdają sobie sprawę z możliwych zagrożeń wynikających z dystansu kulturowego i dlatego starają się działać zgodnie z precyzyjnie określonymi zasadami, które minimalizują te niebezpieczeństwa.
EN
The Moravian Brethren formed a very particular community within the Protestant Church. Above all, they had a distinct understanding of the Christian ministry and, consequently, their group had a disctinct missionary character. They were the first to undertake Protestant missions among peoples living far from the centers of civilization and administrative power. This paper describes the author’s encounter with the Himala- yan cultures and traces of Moravian missionaries’ work in the area, discerned over many years of research focusing on the past European activity, its contexts and the durability of cultural solutions it promoted.
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