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Ad unum vertere? Education as con-versio from multitude

100%

Rajský A.

Kultura i Wychowanie

2018

vol. 14

issue 2

25-35

Complexity and universal validity of knowing became a reason and aim of intellectual effort expressed in the notion philo-sophia. Advantages of universalism can be summarised into several elements: the concept of human nature, ontological fundament of human dignity and their ethical demands, regardless of individual differences. On the other hand, universalism hides within itself an ever-present germ of potential destructivity, when, in the name of the „universal truth,” a factual and inhumane exclusion of certain individuals and groups from the community of those who „deserve” dignitas humana occur. Slovak philosopher of culture Ladislav Hanus (1907-1994) in his work Principle of Pluralism (manus. 1967, publ. 1997) defines the “organic pluralism” – pluralism has two basic tasks: 1. toward multitude (to see, accept and assess all plurality elements of a community), 2. toward unity (to lead multitude to unity – to “integrate” it). Unity stated here is not a totalitarian, homogenising, centralistic unity (a unity of the “herd” or a “state of termites”), it is an organic unity. Hanusian “organic pluralism” connects and integrates multitude (a human as an individuum in plurality of those similar to them), which is its quantitative dimension, with organicness (a human as a person, a human-in-relationship-with-others), which is its qualitative dimension. Development of a person takes place by a gradual and purposeful interweaving of quantity with quality and this activity is called education, or con-versio from multitude.

Hitler’s priests in Slovakia?: on the convergence of catholicism and fascism in Nazi “New Europe”

67%

Szabó M.

Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

2022

vol. 29

issue 3

691-723

This paper deals with the fascistization of Catholic clergy on the eastern periphery of the Nazi “New Europe”, specifically within the Slovak State (1939–1945), a Nazi satellite in East Central Europe. In reference to recent historiographical debates, “clerico-fascism” serves here as a tool for an analysis of the ideology of the most prominent Slovak “clerico-fascist”, the president and Catholic priest Jozef Tiso (1887–1947). Specifically, it examines the transformation of social Catholicism into an instrument of fascist discipline. In addition, the article examines the fascistization of three other Slovak clerics: Karol Körper (1894–1969), Ladislav Hanus (1907–1994) and Viliam Ries (1906–1989). Focusing on individual agencies of both moderate and radical “clerico-fascists” on the basis of the regime of Hlinka’s Slovak People’s Party (Hlinkova slovenská ľudová strana) during the Second World War, the article seeks an explanation for political and religious radicalization in East Central Europe during the first half of the twentieth century.

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1 Kultura i Wychowanie

1 Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

1 Rajský A.

1 Szabó M.

1 2022

1 2018

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Ad unum vertere? Education as con-versio from multitude

Hitler’s priests in Slovakia?: on the convergence of catholicism and fascism in Nazi “New Europe”