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1

The “Lay State” – a Signifier of Transformations in the Church?

100%

Lombaerts H.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 1

PL

This article explores the renewal lay people initiated at a decisive moment in Church history. In the 16th – 17th century, with the development of the modern school, lay people were given the responsibility to teach religion and to guarantee Christian education in schools. A new type of religious congregation, with exclusively lay members, emerged. They had an impressive impact, worldwide, over the past three centuries. However, as the members of these congregations declined dramatically over the past decades, one wonders whether new generations will succeed in guaranteeing continuity in the near future. Or will ordinary, secular but baptized lay people create new forms of association while taking on responsibility for school education?Michel Sauvage (1923-2001), a French member of the De La Salle religious order, studied the theological identity of the lay “teaching brother” as initiated by J.-B. De La Salle at the end of the 17th century. The present situation, with 1.9 % brothers left and 97.6 % ordinary lay teachers in the educational institutions worldwide, seems to suggest that, once more, a historical mutation is occurring in the church.

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Le comunità ecclesiali di base nel rinnovamento della Chiesa nelle Filippine

99%

Orečný S.

Nurt SVD

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2021

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issue 1

177

EN

Renewal of the Church with active participation of the laity has given rise to the birth of the basic ecclesial communities (in abbreviation “BEC”), which have become reality in many continents. According to the author, the Church of the Philippines can testify that, following the teaching of the Second Vatican Council and that of the Second Plenary Council of the Philippines, it has begun its renewal through the BEC. They have grown into places of evangelization, of listening and proclaiming the Gospel in parishes and dioceses. The BEC have also become a hope for the universal Church. The BEC differ in shape and structure in rural and urban areas, but when all the agents of the BEC, especially the priests of the parish and the laity, cooperate in the spirit of the Gospel, the renewal is effective and fruitful. All BEC agents are invited at all times and in all places to form a community of the disciples who live in communion, through participation in the mission of Christ as a priestly, prophetic and royal community, in its identity of poverty.

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Promocja wiernych świeckich do posługi słowa w Kościele

71%

Sławiński H.

Polonia Sacra

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2022

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vol. 26

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issue 3

53-74

EN

Since apostolic times, lay people have cooperated in various ways with representatives of the hierarchy in different forms of preaching. Since the fifth century, there has been a clear reservation of preaching for ordained ministers. From the beginning of the nineteenth century, clergy encouraged lay people to participate in the lay apostolate. Now, especially after the Second Vatican Council, lay people are encouraged to undertake autonomous ministries in the Church: lector, acolyte and catechist. Paul VI encouraged the restoration of this noble Tradition in the contemporary Church. Until Francis, these ministries were reserved only to men. Currently, women are also admitted to them. The ministry of a catechist differs from teaching religion at school and from the apostolate of the laity. The task of catechists is “the first proclamation”, the preparation of believers to receive the sacraments, catechetical preaching and the ongoing formation of believers. Lay people cannot preach the homily at Mass, but may collaborate with the ordained in their pastoral work. The proper place of their ministry is the parish.

PL

Od czasów apostolskich świeccy w różny sposób współpracowali z przedstawicielami hierarchii kościelnej w posłudze słowa. Od V wieku obserwuje się wyraźnie rezerwowanie przepowiadania dla osób wyświęconych. Od początku XIX wieku duchowni zachęcali osoby świeckie do apostolatu świeckiego. Obecnie, zwłaszcza po Soborze Watykańskim II, świeccy zachęcani są do podejmowania autonomicznych posług w Kościele: lektora, akolity i katechisty. Paweł VI zachęcał do przywrócenia we współczesnym Kościele tej zagubionej z czasem szlachetnej Tradycji. Aż do pontyfikatu Franciszka posługi te były zastrzeżone tylko dla mężczyzn. Obecnie są do nich dopuszczone także kobiety. Posługa katechisty różni się od nauczania religii w szkole i od apostolatu świeckich. Zadaniem katechistów jest „pierwsze głoszenie”, przygotowanie wierzących do przyjęcia sakramentów, przepowiadanie katechetyczne orazformacja stała wierzących. Świeccy nie mogą głosić homilii podczas mszy świętej, ale poza tym mogą współpracować z wyświęconymi w podejmowaniu zadań duszpasterskich. Właściwym miejscem ich posługi jest parafia.

4

Laikat rzymski w świetle "Mów" Leona Wielkiego

57%

Żurek A.

Vox Patrum

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2002

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vol. 42

293-301

IT

Dai Sermoni di Leone Magno risulta che la Chiesa di Roma d'allora era ben organizzata ed aveva una struttura gia stabilita. La chiara distinzione tra „ordo sacerdotis" e il resto dei „membra Christi" destinava i rispettivi doveri. I laici erano ben consapevoli della sua partecipazione al „corpo di Cristo" e d'essere un „reale sacerdozio", ma il loro influsso sulla vita della comunita era assai scarsa.

5

Ekumeniczna działalność świeckich dworzan cesarza Justyna I (518-527) w świetle ich korespondencji z Rzymem

57%

Koczwara S.

Vox Patrum

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2002

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vol. 42

319-325

EN

Taking over the throne in 518 by the Emperor Justin I impacted on the emperor's court to change politics in order to support of the Chalcedonian Synod. The most important thing was that, the Emperor as well as his supporting courtiers, took into consideration the main role of the Apostolic See in protecting truth religion. Courtly guardians of Chalcedon such as the Empress Eufemia, Justinian's relative a commander of the Court Guard Vitalian, maids of honour: Anastasia, Palmacja Julianan Anicia, Celer, Pompeius, German were successful in making an ecumenical effort to restore the union in the Catholic Church.

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2 Vox Patrum

1 Nurt SVD

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1 The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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1 Lombaerts H.

1 Orečný S.

1 Sławiński H.

1 Żurek A.

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The “Lay State” – a Signifier of Transformations in the Church?

Le comunità ecclesiali di base nel rinnovamento della Chiesa nelle Filippine

Promocja wiernych świeckich do posługi słowa w Kościele

Laikat rzymski w świetle "Mów" Leona Wielkiego

Ekumeniczna działalność świeckich dworzan cesarza Justyna I (518-527) w świetle ich korespondencji z Rzymem