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EN
The article examines a philosophy of studying America practiced for over five centuries. Following the ideas of Fernand Braudel, this work intends to present the evolution of studying (or knowing) America with partly structuralistic and partly functionalistic focus, which leads towards multifaceted interpretations of Amer-ican reality.
ES
El artículo trata de una filosofía del conocer de América practicado durante más de cinco siglos. Siguiendo las ideas de Fernand Braudel, se propone ver la evolución del conocimiento (o el saber) sobre América mediante un enfoque, en parte es-tructuralista, en parte funcionalista, que llevaría a las interpretaciones pluriangulares de América.
ES
La diversidad religiosa de América Latina es un fenómeno que viene ganando atención de investigadores de diferentes áreas. Al lado de las expresiones del creer y del sentir relacionadas a católicos y evangélicos, aún mayoritarios, figuran diversificadas prácticas religiosas, en este artículo privilegiamos el análisis de las prácticas y creencias oriundas de la presencia afrodescendiente en el continente de manera general y en la región conocida como Triple Frontera, de manera particular. Las fuertes interrelaciones socioculturales se retroalimentan del flujo intenso de personas y bienes materiales/simbólicos, volviendo aún más complejos los matices religiosos, resignificando creencias y resistiendo a la violencia colonial. Nuestra reflexión está sostenida en un largo trabajo de campo, de naturaleza etnográfica, documentos y revisión bibliográfica. En esta dirección, este artículo busca discutir el modo como los afrodescendientes vienen organizándose y manteniéndose en ese escenario religioso dinámico y multiforme. A lo largo de esa trayectoria pretendemos caracterizar las especificidades de las distintas manifestaciones de creencia/devoción/prácticas de la/en la región oriundas o resignificadas por la diáspora africana en el continente, simultáneamente, se buscará configurar el contexto sociohistórico de surgimiento de los referidos grupos religiosos. Al fin, se espera que esté disponible un cuadro tanto etnográfico como analítico de los efectos religiosos de la presencia africana en el continente.
EN
The religious diversity of Latin America is a phenomenon that has gathered the attention of researchers from different fields. Along with the expressions of belief and feeling related to Catholics and Protestants, who are still the majority, there are diverse religious practices, in this article we will focus on the analysis of practices and beliefs arising from the Afro-descendant presence in the continent in general as well as in the region known as the Triple Frontier, in a particular way. The strong socio-cultural interrelationships feedback on the intense flow of people and material/symbolic goods, complexing religious matrices, reframing beliefs and resisting colonial violence. Our reflection is based on long fieldwork at the border towns Ciudad del Este (Paraguay), Puerto Iguaçu (Argentina) and Foz do Iguaçu (Brazil), with an ethnographic approach, documents, and bibliographic review. In this direction, this article seeks to discuss the way in which Afro-descendants have been organized and maintained in this dynamic and multiform religious scenario. Throughout this path, our intention is to characterize the specificities of the different manifestations of belief/devotion/practices of/in the region originating or re-signified by the African diaspora on the continent, at the same time that we will seek to configure the socio-historical context of the emergence of the referred religious groups. And we expect to have, in the end, an ethnographic and analytical picture of the religious effects of the African presence on the south of the Latin American continent.
EN
The work of Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) is recognized as one of the most original and relevant interpretations of Brazil. His works, notably The Masters and the Slaves (1933), are continually revisited through countless critical balances, especially with regard to the issue of race relations in Brazil. Thirty years after his death, I seek in this article to analyze the actuality of his thought, seeking to point out which issues he throws at us that are still relevant to think about Brazil.
PT
O trabalho de Gilberto Freyre (1900-1987) é reconhecido como um dos mais originais e relevantes de interpretação do Brasil. Suas obras, com destaque para Casa-Grande & Senzala (1933), são continuamente revisitadas através de inúmeros balanços críticos, especialmente no que tange à questão das relações raciais no Brasil. Passados Trinta anos de sua morte, procuro nesse artigo analisar a atualidade de seu pensamento, buscando apontar quais questões que ele nos lança que ainda nos são relevantes para pensar o Brasil
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