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PL
In the presented paper we would like to focus on the scientific activity of the one of the members of the Warsaw School of Logic. It is supposed that the world famous formalisms of Polish logicians were mainly stimulated by Stanisław Leśniewski. If this is true, Leśniewski can be considered as the main ideologist of Warsaw School. The first part of this paper is dedicated to a very brief presentation of the history of Polish logic in the period 1910-1939. Next, we present the main ideas of the Warsaw School of Logic and in particular the contribution of Stanisław Leśniewski: his original system of three theories: protothetics, ontology and mereology and their novelty in comparison with classical thought. Finally, we try to show the influence of Leśniewski’s innovative ideas on other members of the school.
EN
The notion of relation is one of the most important concepts present in our language. This study propose some extension of elementary ontology (OE) for relational variables and defining in his framework the concepts of the classical calculus of relations. Such enriched elementary ontology (OER) is a better tool for the analysis of natural language. It is shown that syllogistic with the negative terms enriched by so called oblique syllogisms (SNU with the axioms C1–C5) is a fragment of OER system (Theorem 1). The OER system is enriched next with individual variables (a,b,c) and by assuming the individual term referentiality (axiom A2) we obtain OER* system. The Proof that the classical calculus of relations (KRR) is a part of the system OER* (Theorem 2) is given.
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