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Liang Qichao v roce 1902: Přeměna Číny v silný a moderní stát za pomoci nového myšlení

100%
Lomová O.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2014
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vol. 112
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issue 2
197-226
EN
The article presents the ideas of Liang Qichao2 (1873–1929) published in the first volume of his new journal Xinmin congbao (1902). After summarizing his wellknown concept of the “renovation of the people,” it focuses on his simultaneously published presentation of “new thought” (xin xueshu). Liang Qichao’s notion that new thought was indispensable for the transformation of China into a strong and modern nation was derived from a simplified image of the history of European scientific progress as it was presented in the West during the nineteenth century. Liang´s knowledge about Western progress was largely derived from Japanese sources including translations from English of popular books on the topic. Liang was particularly fond of the theory of evolution, understood as a universal law applicable to society, including the struggle between nations. In this understanding, he particularly admired the British sociologist Benjamin Kidd. In the conclusion of the article, Liang Qichao´s ideas about the symbiosis of traditional Chinese culture with new thought imported from the West is briefly discussed, as well as some general issues of the nature of intercultural
2
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Dát minulosti nový řád: (dis)kontinuita v čínském historickém myšlení

84%
Lomová O.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2016
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vol. 114
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issue 4
995-1020
EN
The article is conceived in response to recent debates about a specifically Chinese historical thinking in modern times. It turns to the earliest articles about “new historiography” published since the very end of the Qing dynasty and during the early republican period, when history became an independent academic discipline in China. The research is based on several polemical essays beginning with Liang Qichao’s Xin Shixue from 1902, followed by the debate about “national past” (guogu) started in the radical student journal Xin Chao during the early May Fourth period, and the “reorganization of national past” (zhengli guogu) movement which followed afterwards. Besides Liang Qichao, ideas of younger authors are discussed extensively, such as Mao Zishui and Hu Shi, as well as Gu Jiegang and to some extent also He Bingsong. Comparison of the first systematic formulation of the concept of new historiography by Liang Qichao with the May Fourth debate shows mostly similarity in the basic demands for radical transformation and new orientation of the discipline. This observation confirms our understanding of the process of intellectual transformation of China and the influx of western ideas between the Late Qing and early republic as continuous.
3
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Liang Qichao a jeho obraz národního hrdiny v životopisných článcích o západních osobnostech:

84%
Netíková K.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2020
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vol. 28
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issue 2
271-295
EN
The present article focuses on Liang Qichao’s (1873–1929) idealised image of a national hero that could be observed in his biographical articles about Western heroes at the turn of the 20th Century. Liang believed that examples of modern Western personalities might serve as valid role models for creating patriotic society in China and also shape future Chinese heroes. He presented his readers with Western personalities, stressing their qualities and positive traits. He also pointed out some drawbacks he saw within Western history. Liang wanted his readers to study national hero types, learn from their mistakes and try to achieve their positive traits: national awareness, ability to cooperate, and selfless pursuit of the national interests.
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