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PL
The paper discusses selected Lower Sorbian idiomatic expressions with somatic components. The author talks about somatisms and somatic phraseology in general, as well as presents different types of idiomatic motivation. A theoretical section is followed by the presentation of a corpus of somatic idioms taken fromDolnoserbsko-nimski słownik/Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch by Manfred Starosta. The analysis of the idiomatic expressions shows how Lower Sorbian somatic phraseological units make use of somatic lexemes, as well as demonstrates the various types of motivation behind the actual senses of the examined expressions.
EN
The paper presents a new view on Polish-German relations, focusing also on Lusatians. The author sheds light on the role of Lusatians in the network of Polish-German relations, pointing out that they are in fact not bilateral, but rather trilateral. It is possible to describe them in this way if the classification is based on ethnic awareness, with Germans, Lusatian Sorbs and Poles facing one another. This trilateral situation may be even more diversified (between the standard German and Polish languages, there is also Kashubian and Lusatian, which can be divided into Lower Sorbian and Upper Sorbian; one must not forget about the Czech influences either). The author focuses particularly on the original, German-Lusatian-Polish triangle, in which the Lusatian Sorbs occupy the central position, as they are linked to both sides, even though they retain a certain independence.
PL
Lower Sorbian is one of the most endangered European languages. The article states the necessity and urgency of a comprehensive documentation of this language and gives an overview of respective projects undertaken at the Lower Sorbian department of the Sorbian Institute. Apart from the building of text corpora representing the literary language as well as dialectal forms of Lower Sorbian, lexicographic projects are also described.
EN
In 2020, a decision was made at the Sorbian Institute to upgrade the dolnoserbski.de | niedersorbisch.de website with an additional section dedicated to the study of proper names in the Lower Sorbian language. Based on the former studies conducted at the Institute, the new section organises the onomastic material in a highly convenient, hypertextual form. Bearing in mind the multicultural context of the project, the Institute had to address several issues concerning, for example, the functional relationship between the Sorbian and German variants of a proper name, spelling standardisation (e.g. surnames), the lack of compatible word-formation processes, or a multilingual user interface. Additionally, the Institute intends to upgrade the resources of the section with exonyms and other types of onyms. However, due to the geopolitical conditions in Lusatia and the complicated nature of the relationship between the Lower Sorbian language with German and the Upper Sorbian language, this is a highly challenging task. Name research in the Lower Sorbian text corpus is also planned.
PL
W roku 2020 chociebuski oddział Instytutu Łużyckiego rozszerzył poświęcony językowi dolnołużyckiemu portal dolnoserbski.de | niedersorbisch.de o serwis gromadzący informacje na temat dolnołużyckich nazw własnych. Korzysta on z wyników wcześniejszych projektów Instytutu, wprowadza także nowe opracowanie i udostępnienie w wygodnej hipertekstowej formie materiału onomastycznego zebranego ze starych i nowych źródeł. Istotnym aspektem projektu (a także sorabistyki w ogóle) jest wielokulturowy kontekst i związane z nim wyzwania. Problematyka ta obejmuje tak różne zagadnienia, jak np. funkcjonalna relacja pomiędzy łużyckim a niemieckim wariantem nazwy, normalizacja pisowni nazw własnych (szczególnie nazwisk), nieprzekładalność pewnych kategorii słowotwórczych, niezgodność systemów opisu na poziomie ontologicznym, wreszcie wielojęzyczna konstrukcja interfejsu użytkownika. Instytut ma zamiar rozszerzyć serwis o egzonimy i inne typy onimów, przy czym należy dodatkowo wziąć pod uwagę wyjątkowe uwarunkowania geopolityczne Łużyc oraz skomplikowane związki j. dolnołużyckiego nie tylko z j. niemieckim ale także z siostrzanym górnołużyckim. Planowane są także badania onomastyczne w dolnołużyckim korpusie tekstowym.
EN
A large, diverse database on the Lower Sorbian language comprising several dictionaries, corpora etc. has already existed for several years. This database (www.dolnoserbski.de) is compiled, managed, and supplemented by the Sorbian Institute. It also includes proper names. After establishing detailed, practical information about the grammar of the names (declination), the goal of the next step was to include etymological information. Instead of a scholarly repository of the entire onomastic knowledge about Sorbian names, the aim was to create a bilingual (Lower Sorbian and German) information service for a broader public. However, this requires much more basic information than would be necessary for an onomastician. When, how, and why Sorbian names were coined has to be explained not just in general, but also in connection with individual names. This includes information about the reasons for names, the role of the various suffixes the names were created with, and so on. To compile this extensive information, which not only presents the etymology of the basic morphemes but also full explanations of names, specific text modules were developed for all phenomena and aspects concerning multiple names. For example, an article about one name consists of a specific text about this name along with several of the text modules dealing with, for instance, the suffix and the semantic group to which the name belongs. Furthermore, Lower Sorbian broadcasting contains a series featuring short explanations of Sorbian settlement names and surnames which runs partly in parallel with the above-mentioned database project.
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