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EN
Nineteenth century Slovak caricatures come from a wide range of political positions. The magazines Ježibaba supporting the Slovak New School and Rarášek belonging to the Slovak National Party were the most important representatives of political and social humour in the years 1870–1872. They had different approaches to drawing caricatures and their thematic starting points, by which both participated in shaping the political thought of the period. The intense aggressiveness of the drawings in Ježibaba may be seen as a demonstration of the political effort of the New School to establish a new political orientation. On the other hand, the artistically more conservative Rarášek opened social themes and brought systematic effort to the work of political journalism.
EN
The article tracks the form and content of Czech theatre criticism from its beginning in the 1930s and 1940s after the National Theatre in Prague was established. It mainly taps the contemporary thinking of individual criticism theoreticians and critics as well as later partial studies aimed at individual personalities and subjects. In the genre development overview the writer pays attention to the criticism standard differences with regard to the media the reviews were published in (dailies vs. journals). She tracks establishing specialized theatre magazines, their motivations, ambitions and lives as well as the conditions and other circumstances which influenced the form and the function of criticism. First efforts to grant Czech theatre decent criticism and its own periodical can be seen in patriotic patrons of the national theatre development (J. K. Tyl). Reaching certain milestones and stages of the theatre development (opening of the Temporary Theatre in 1862, laying the cornerstone of the National Theatre in 1868) naturally resulted in intensifying the efforts. In spite of that Czech theatre criticism and its media shortly before the opening of the National Theatre still tackled the lack of readers, underdeveloped cultural environment and paralysing touchiness of the theatre management.
EN
This article builds on reading short proses written by Stanislav Rakús published only in magazines, e.g. literary magazines Slovenské pohľady, Mladá tvorba, Matičné čítanie, between 1963 and 1976. His early works include nine almost unknown proses (and one poem) which give the background to studying poet logical aspects of the text, e.g. narrative strategies, metamorphoses of the character-outsider, the relationship between the high and the low, the motif of death, the short story pattern etc. One of the primary levels of meanings in Rakús´s early short stories is oscillation between allegorical depiction of an enclosed system (totality) and absurd climax of a story. In this respect many structural similarities can be found between Rakús´s proses and debuting Dušan Mitana´s absurd short stories, mostly in terms of composition, character-outsider variety and narrative strategy. Two exceptions to Rakús´s absurd short proses are stories Matej Uriáš and Kosti (Bones) both set in fantastical-mythical environment, which make it hard for the reader to reconstruct the thematic background. The author uses allegorical techniques to expand and destroy the personality cult. He does not depict a particular period of history, but openly speaks of human conformity, cowardice as well as inability to face the evil, that is the qualities which are universal and timeless.
EN
Packaging and magazine covers share many common traits. Both these elements are very important in relation to marketing activities of media and non-media enterprises. And while there are quite a lot of studies on packaging itself, there are not as many in-depth analyses of magazine covers. This article is a part of a series of scholarly texts, in which the author analyses the phenomenon of magazines’ front pages, aiming to fill a certain scientific void when it comes to research on magazine covers and e-covers. In this article, the author confirms the hypothesis that covers of contemporary magazines are, in fact, their ‘packaging’. The study also fulfils the following goals: 1) to define the term “packaging”; 2) to discuss the concept of media product packaging; 3) to present the phenomenon of magazine covers as packaging in various theoretical and empirical contexts. The empirical inquiry is based on quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative research was conducted by the survey method based on CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview) technique between the 2nd and the 9th of September 2016, involving a nationwide research sample consisting of Poles. The qualitative research was based on analyses of scholarly sources related to the study of magazine covers, and then on comparison of data situated on magazine covers and data related to packaging when it comes to its function, composition and design.
Vojenská história
|
2018
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vol. 22
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issue 1
97 - 106
EN
The study deals with the topic of legionary humour which was aimed at entertaining, making laugh as well as reflecting the deficiencies and criticising the conditions, the Czechoslovak legionaries were dissatisfied with. Members of the Czechoslovak Foreign Army and later, in 1919, even the domestic troops (in particular the educational unions where usually the former journalists, writers or teachers were serving), published a number of different hand-written, printed as well as illustrated periodicals. These contained prose, poetry, dialogues, drawings and illustrations, some of them at high level, some average as well as quite poor, published due to a lack of better material.
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