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EN
In his sketch, the author engages in polemics with certain theses of Prof. Markiewicz's article 'What is it that I don't understand of C. Milosz's 'Traktat moralny'?'. First, charges are replied to as raised by H. Markiewicz against author's interpretation of 'The Moral Treatise' contained in his book 'Sekrety manichejskich trucizn. Milosz wobec zla' (Secrets of Manichean poisons. Milosz against evil). The author argues that in light of what is known to us, the Etruscans indeed treated Olympic gods with a pinch of salt. He also argues that Balzac's novels taught one to stay distant toward 'human affairs', whereas the passages on 'schizophrenics', 'evil people' and 'simple people' are unclear due to a historiosophy that Milosz has to a certain extent taken over from Tadeusz Kronski. In the final section of his article, he draws our attention to the political allusiveness of the Milosz poem, which Prof. Markiewicz seemingly has not spotted. He finally resumes the question of a peculiar 'historiosophic theodicy' (which was eventually rejected by Milosz) forming the ideological substratum of 'The Moral Treatise'.
EN
Milosz's 'Traktat moralny' (The Moral Treatise), as a manifestation of the poet's proactive attitude toward the reality, cannot be made subject to rigours of a philological analysis. This Treatise is Milosz's most daring political work. The authoress' argument is that if the 'political-commentary' aspect of this poem is neglected, the piece gets deprived of its poetic vein. Hence, a course of reading should be sought for which would enable confrontation of various orders of meaning.
EN
Reply to Henryk Markiewicz's polemic published in the present issue. The authoress defends her thesis that R. Ingarden is factually absent or, to make matters worse, only apparently present (and if so, in a deformed, simplified and, particularly, verbiage-like and unsubstantiated fashion) in the modern Central/Eastern-European literary scholarship. Similarly, Ingarden's concepts are almost absent from the canon of modern and post-modern international literary studies.
EN
The author's text takes on the game proposed by Prof. Henryk Markiewicz by asking 'Traktat moralny' (The Moral Treatise), the poem by Czeslaw Milosz, some apparently simple and naive questions. Hence, he refers to the speaking 'I' created by the poet as to a 'Commentator' and point out that he is a dual figure as he combines a fine uprightness with hidden erudition and excessive pedantry. The author does not think that several moments being unclear, contradictory or incoherent, so aptly indicated by Professor Markiewicz, can possibly be fully explained, as they reflect the poet's moral and world-view quandaries the poet had at that time as much as they indirectly testify to the author's playing a game with the censorship. His intent was to remind that it is completely impossible to read Milosz's piece literally, whilst taking the historical context for its interpretation becomes increasingly indispensable - especially that this context is becoming less and less comprehensible to younger generations of readers.
EN
This reply to Professor Henryk Markiewicz's text titled 'What is it that I don't understand of C. Milosz's 'Traktat moralny'?' is a discussion-triggering formulation of proposed readings of the Milosz treatise - which differ from earlier-proposed options, including the author's own. A peculiar paradox of deepening of so-called 'underspecified spots', along with amassing concretisations of Milosz's treatises, makes one take a closer look at the interpretative position taken by Ewa Bienkowska. Her book on Milosz, 'W ogrodzie ziemskim' (In an earthly garden), suggests a possibility for one to deal with an 'implicit' treatise sphere, without showing off a professional reading of the explicit plane of the texts concerned.
Pamiętnik Literacki
|
2007
|
vol. 98
|
issue 1
5-19
EN
Positivism is an epoch and a cultural phenomenon vastly important to understand the socio-cultural modernity and the origin of Polish artistic modernism. Positivist thinking is involved into Enlightenment dialectics - a socio-psychological mechanism described by M. Horkheimer and Th. W. Adorno in their 'Dialectics of Enlightenment' (Dialektik der Aufklärung, 1947). This mechanism, penetrating the modern mentality, leads to the formation of artistic modernism in Europe. The dialectics of Polish positivism (variously treated by Teodor Jeske-Choinski, Zygmunt Szweykowski, and Henryk Markiewicz), analogous to dialectics of Enlightenment, leads to instrumental treatment of reason, reification of a man, and wasting of all sense. Thus, modernism constitute different artistic and ideological reactions to the crisis of positivist rationalism, such as decadence, worship of art, symbolism, utopia, interest in primitive cultures, nationalism, conservatism. The reactions in question appear also in writing and in the thought of the representatives of Polish positivism.
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