In his study, the author addresses the disputes over the political direction of the Czech-Slovak foreign operation in Russia in 1914 – 1916. The paper also focuses on the decisive contribution of Milan Rastislav Štefánik and his collaborators and fellow combatants - Ivan Markovič, Bohdan Pavlů, Vladimír Hurban, and others, in overcoming the separatist tendencies in the Russian-oriented groups within the Union of Czech-Slovak Associations in Russia, of the Dürich’s National Council in Russia, and the Slovak-Russian Association of Štúr’s Memory. Furthermore, the author brings out Štefánik’s contribution to the victory of liberal and independent direction towards independent Czech-Slovak state governed by the Czech-Slovak National Council in Paris led by Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk.
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