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FENOMÉN MAĎARSKEJ LITERATÚRY V ČESKOSLOVENSKU A NA SLOVENSKU

100%
Dobry J.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2024
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vol. 71
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issue 1
1 – 11
EN
The article takes a historical approach to the phenomenon of Hungarian literature in Czechoslovakia and Slovakia. As a result of peace treaties ending the First World War not only new states, but also new literatures appeared on the map of Europe. Hungarian authors of the former Austria-Hungary started to write a completely new literature in a completely new state which required completely new terminology as well. This article tries to shed light on key factors that shaped this literature and the identity of its authors, as well as on issues that preoccupied literary scholars from the early years to the present days. Since the article was based on source texts in Hungarian language that are not accessible in other languages, it can be also considered as a short summary and overview of Hungarian literature written in Czechoslovakia and Slovakia and the space for introducing its most relevant literary scholars, literary historians, and their most important theoretical and historical works on this phenomenon and providing a starting point for further research.
2
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CONFLUENCES: ON THE POSSIBILITY OF DESCRIBING A TRANSCULTURAL HISTORY OF THE (MICRO)LITERATURE – THE UPPER SILESIAN PERSPECTIVE

100%
Pospiszil-Hofmańska K.
World Literature Studies
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2022
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vol. 14
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issue 3
60 - 78
EN
Any attempt to fully describe the history of a particular literature is doomed to fail. Such a description requires simplifications and generalizations, and necessitates selection. The same is true for literatures of contact zones, which are transcultural in their nature. The history of such literatures should reflect their character and accommodate their transcultural dimension. By using the example of Upper Silesian micro-literature, the author presents the challenges a researcher would be confronted with even while approaching literatures of small range, both geographically and in the number of recipients (micro-literatures), referring to the theory of polysystems and transcultural studies. She discusses the nodal points of the postulated transcultural history of Upper Silesian micro-literature, namely: 1) works in the Silesian language, 2) works in dominant languages, 3) translations, and 4) proposals for its literary canon. Concurrently, she argues that Upper Silesian literature cannot be examined in isolation from its transcultural context, the confluences of German and Slavic cultures, as well as the history of the cultural melting pot in which it was developed and the character of which is still noticeable today.
3
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TRANSCULTURAL LEVELS OF MINORITY LITERARY HISTORY WRITING: HUNGARIAN LITERATURE IN SLOVAKIA

88%
Németh Z.
World Literature Studies
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2022
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vol. 14
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issue 3
96 - 113
EN
This paper deals with the concept of minor literature, which is understood as a kind of provocation towards literary history, and investigates the unstable, “wobbly” position of Hungarian literature in Slovakia occupied in Hungarian and Slovak literary histories. The methodological basis of the article is formed by the phenomenon of transculturalism, which is capable of activating and generating meanings on various spaces, levels and layers of literature. The study discusses different levels of transculturalism through some authors and texts in Slovak Hungarian literature, along with transcultural authorial identity, transcultural meaning-making machinery of texts, transcultural practices of the social context, and transcultural directions and gaps in reception. The purpose of the paper is to classify some transcultural phenomena and to unravel their conceptual and interpretative levels.
4
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TOWARD THE MEDIAN CONTEXT: COMPARATIVE APPROACHES TO CENTRAL EUROPEAN LITERATURE

75%
Sabatos C. D.
World Literature Studies
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2013
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vol. 5 (22)
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issue 2
29 – 38
EN
Despite the growing interest in world literature beyond the Western canon, the nations of post-socialist Central Europe remain a blind spot in Western literary criticism and theory. While Franz Kafka inspired Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s concept of “minor literature,” their distinction between “minor” and “major” leaves intact the prevalent assumption that “small literatures” are inherently “national,” while the literatures and languages of the larger world powers are essentially universal. Yet the multicultural terrain of Central Europe offers an ideal context for comparative cultural criticism, since these literatures were forced to negotiate at every stage of their development with neighbouring cultures. This makes Central Europe an exemplary site of cultural translation, a concept originally derived from anthropological research, which is not only about making connections but also about asserting difference and finding a balance between assimilation and resistance. Milan Kundera’s insistence on the need for a “median context” in world literature emphasizes the importance of studying Central European writers in a regional rather than national setting. One case study introduced here is a comparison of two writers who fall between Slovak and Hungarian literature: Sandor Márai and Gejza Vámoš. Both Márai and Vámoš were native Hungarian speakers, but Vámoš was born in present-day Hungary and chose to write in Slovak, while Márai was a native of today’s Slovakia and became a major Hungarian modernist author. Both of these authors evoke the mixed cultures and languages of pre-war Central Europe, but Márai affirms his essentially Hungarian identity, while Vámoš embraces the multilingualism of the region. Such a comparative approach to the median context of Central European fiction by specialists in the region may increase its visibility within world literature studies.
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