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Wynagrodzenia za dzieła dedykowane lub ofiarowane Radzie Miejskiej Gdańska w XVII w. Źródłowy przyczynek do dziejów mecenatu miejskiego

100%

Kizik E.

Rocznik Biblioteki Narodowej

2012

vol. 43

75-85

In the 16th century the custom of putting dedications in printed books spread widely. They quickly became a conventional form of writing, serving as an advertisement and decoration, and often stressing the bond between the author and his patron. Apart from literary aspects and gestures of gratitude, dedications normally were not selfless. Their aim was often to elicit a particular profit - for example compensation for incurred costs or time - as a token of the addressee’s appreciation. The problem lies in determining the actual amount of this appreciation. The account book of Gdańsk, the biggest Polish city of the 16th and 17th centuries, comes to our aid. In books of the city’s budget expenses, we can find notes on funds spent on dedications written for the city council, the mayor, or the whole city. Despite the brevity of entries, we can easily make a correlation between tenths of dated notes on the amount of payments, and particular publications and their authors. In the lists of those awarded we can find the names of famous as well as completely unknown people from Gdańsk, Poland, and abroad. This publication is the result of an introductory query into several volumes of the city’s accountancy. Materials from Gdańsk’s municipal treasury, without any major deficiency, are well preserved from the end of the 17th century to the Second Partition of Poland, when Gdańsk was seized by Prussia. It is a fact that more detailed studies of accountancy mentions would result in a deeper understanding of extra-literary aspects of the custom of dedications in Gdańsk itself, and in the Poland of that era.

Figurae absurdae et inelegantes? Ikonografia medalionów all’antica w drugim wydaniu Kroniki wszytkiego świata Marcina Bielskiego (1554)

80%

Jaworski P.

Rocznik Biblioteki Narodowej

2012

vol. 43

87-111

As early as three years after the first release of Marcin Bielski’s Kroniki wszytkiego świata by Helena Unglerowa press, a new edition was prepared at Hieronim Szarfenberg’s press in Cracow. It was completed by the author and was given a new graphic design. Similarly to the editio princeps, there were all’antica medallions presenting monarchs, which were used to illustrate the lives of biblical figures. Later, thanks to Hieronim’s widow, Elżbieta Fetrówna, all of these were added to the press run by Mateusz Siebeneicher (whom she married in 1557), and were used again in a third edition, released by this press in 1564. The medallions made for Hieronim Szarfenberg, in which the drawing of a person was placed in a double circle (or sometimes in three or more), were set in relief against a white background by black contour lines and an inner drawing. They consisted of 33 profiles, cut by a Cracovian wood engraver who was inspired by illustrations in Huttich’s Imperatorum et caesarum vitae, released by Balthazar Amoullet’s press in Lyon in 1550. The iconography of Amoullet’s woodcuts – being in fact another version of all’antica medallions in the style of Fulvio – was either authentically based, or just stylized on real coins. Similarly to the all’antica medallions in Unglerowa’s woodcuts, the second edition of Kroniki wszytkiego świata did not have figure identifications in the medallions, thus making them reusable. The busts placed in Bielski’s work were based on medallions from Lyon, which were not considered to be of a high artistic value, and were made carelessly by a Cracovian copyist. Moreover, some of them were changed so drastically that without comparing them with Amoullet’s original woodcuts, it is very hard to find a connection with antique coin iconography. We might conclude that the decision made by Szarfenberg to use woodcuts from Amoullet’s press as a graphic model in illustrating the second edition of Marcin Bielski’s Kroniki wszytkiego świata was dictated rather by the accessibility of the Lyon books in Cracow, than by a real knowledge of modern typographical techniques used in illustrating chronicles and biographies of the Caesars.

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2 Rocznik Biblioteki Narodowej

1 Jaworski P.

1 Kizik E.

2 2012

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Wynagrodzenia za dzieła dedykowane lub ofiarowane Radzie Miejskiej Gdańska w XVII w. Źródłowy przyczynek do dziejów mecenatu miejskiego

Figurae absurdae et inelegantes? Ikonografia medalionów all’antica w drugim wydaniu Kroniki wszytkiego świata Marcina Bielskiego (1554)