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The role of ‘familiarity’ in Mandarin Chinese speakers’ metapragmatic evaluations of Australian conversational humour

100%
Chang W.-L. M., Sinkeviciute V.
The European Journal of Humour Research
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2022
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vol. 10
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issue 2
74-95
EN
Although research on humorous practices of Anglo-Australians has received much attention, the understanding of those practices by members of various multilingual communities in Australia has not been much studied. In this paper, we look at metapragmatic comments on concept familiarity in relation to conversational humour, particularly focusing on Mandarin Chinese speakers’ perceptions of conversational humour in Australian English. In order to explore what role ‘familiarity’ plays in (inter-)cultural conceptualisation of humour, we analyse interview data where speakers of Mandarin Chinese provide their metapragmatic comments on humorous exchanges among Australians. Drawing on approximately 8.2 hours of interview data elicited by a segment from the reality television gameshow Big Brother 2012, i.e., a teasing sequence between two acquainted persons, it is suggested that the concept of familiarity is the one most frequently alluded to in the theme of how participants ‘draw the boundary’ between intimates and acquaintances. From the analysis it emerged that Mandarin Chinese speakers’ evaluations of humorous exchanges in Australian English are driven by their culturally-informed perceptions that are conceptualised through various emic notions, e.g. guanxi (‘interpersonal relationship’), various labels for classifying different relational distance, and qiji (‘opportune moment’). The findings of this exploratory paper suggest that the role of ‘familiarity’ in relation to humour is crucial in the perception of appropriateness of humorous practices in interaction, especially across cultures.
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Why-questions, topicality and intervention effects in Chinese

88%
Jin D.
Yearbook of the Poznań Linguistic Meeting
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2016
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vol. 2
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issue 1
EN
This paper revisits intervention effects in Mandarin Chinese why-questions. I present new data showing that the ability for quantifiers to induce intervention hinges upon their monotonicity and their ability to be interpreted as topics. I then develop a semantic account that correlates topicality with monotone properties. Furthermore, I propose that why-questions in Chinese are idiosyncratic in that why directly merges at a high scope position that stays above a propositional argument. Combining the semantic idiosyncrasies of why-questions with the wide scope behaviors of topicality, I conclude that my account explains a wide range of intervention phenomena in terms of interpretation failure.
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The Acquisition at the Interface of Ditransitive Constructions in Mandarin Chinese by French Adult Learners

88%
Yu X. C.
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition
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2015
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
The semantically fine-grained ditransitive constructions in Mandarin Chinese show complex interaction between lexical semantics, constructional semantics and syntactic frames. This study examines the acquisition process of the syntax as well as the semantics of these constructions by launching two experiments with French leaners of Chinese. The experiment results reveal a ‘syntax-before-semantics’ learning process and the important role of input in implicit learning.
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WYBRANE METONIMIE POJĘCIOWE W DOMENIE RADOŚCI WE WSPÓŁCZESNYM JĘZYKU CHIŃSKIM

88%
Grych K.
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
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2023
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issue 3-4 (287-288)
167-178
XX
The purpose of this article is to present the phenomenon of metonymy in Mandarin Chinese using the example of emotion. After introducing the theory that explains what metonymy is and how it is understood in contrast to metaphor, examples of metonymic expressions realizing conceptual metonymy for the domain of emotion and, more narrowly, joy are presented. The starting point is the assumption of cognitive linguistics that the language and the conceptual system are in a relationship, and that the mental mechanism linking them allows to describe reality and understand it according to a subjective interpretation of the world. The examples presented in this article will show how emotions are conceptualized in Chinese.
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Środki językowe jako narzędzie nacechowania nieformalnych wypowiedzi kobiet we współczesnym języku chińskim

63%
Zajdler E., Naruszewicz A.
Socjolingwistyka
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2021
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vol. 35
55-76
EN
The paper deals with a correlation between the linguistic features of Mandarin Chinese and the language activities of young female participants in a television show broadcast on the Internet. The women’s sociolect and the characteristics of the sajiao style are analysed on the basis of their 1802 informal utterances recorded on the show. The paper explores the way in which lexical and phonetic features express femininity and contribute to the women’s persuasive talk. The formal markers of the language used by female native speakers communicate politeness, emotions and gentleness and at the same time acknowledge their position of subordination within society. The study begins with an introduction into the pragmatics of culture-driven language activity and moves on to outline the current knowledge of the peculiarities of the Chinese language used by Chinese women. Drawing on earlier discussions, a compilation of linguistic features is employed as an analytical tool. The particular words and expressions as well as pronunciation features are discussed. Not all linguistic features of Mandarin Chinese discussed in previous studies are confirmed in the utterances under study. Those which add significant expressive meaning and gentleness into an utterance dominate in the study over the sajiao style, the phonetic and prosodic features typical for a babyish form of persuasion. As evidenced by a quantitative and qualitative analysis, the utterances in question abound in emotions, in wavering opinions that put the speaker in a position inferior to that of the addressee, and in instances of speaking in a manner typical of children.
PL
Tematem artykułu jest korelacja między środkami językowymi w zasobach języka chińskiego a działaniami językowymi młodych kobiet realizowanymi na antenie rozrywkowego programu internetowego. Socjolekt kobiet i cechy stylu sajiao są analizowane na podstawie ich 1802 nieformalnych wypowiedzi zarejestrowanych w programie. W artykule zbadano, w jaki sposób cechy leksykalne i fonetyczne wyrażają kobiecość i jaki kształt nadają wypowiedziom kobiet pełniącym funkcję perswazyjną. Formalne środki językowe, którymi posługują się rodzime użytkowniczki języka chińskiego, komunikują grzeczność, emocje i łagodność, a jednocześnie potwierdzają ich pozycję podporządkowania w społeczeństwie. Badanie rozpoczyna się wprowadzeniem do pragmatyki kulturowej działań językowych i przechodzi do zarysowania aktualnej wiedzy na temat specyfiki języka chińskiego używanego przez Chinki. Z dotychczasowych dyskusji zostały – jako narzędzie analizy – wyprowadzone środki językowe. Omówiono poszczególne słowa i wyrażenia oraz cechy wymowy. Nie wszystkie cechy językowe języka mandaryńskiego omawiane we wcześniejszych badaniach znajdują potwierdzenie w badanych wypowiedziach. Te, które dodają wypowiedzi znacząco ekspresywnego charakteru i łagodności, dominują w studium nad stylem sajiao – cechami fonetycznymi i prozodycznymi typowymi dla dziecięcej formy perswazji. Analiza ilościowa i jakościowa wykazała wysoki stopień nacechowania wypowiedzi emocjami, niepewnością sądów (pozycjonującą nadawcę niżej od odbiorcy), a także artykulacją imitującą dziecięcą.  
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Aspirované souhlásky v čínštině a v angličtině

51%
Třísková H.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2014
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vol. 96
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issue 2
196-218
EN
The article treats the phenomenon of aspiration in Mandarin Chinese and English within a broader linguistic context. The topics discussed are (1) both the general and language-specific articulatory and acoustic make-up of aspirated consonants (long overall duration, tense articulation, long VOT; the alternative sources of aspiration friction are recalled, as opposed to a common view emphasizing mainly the glottal friction) and (2) the dissimilar functioning of aspiration in English and Mandarin Chinese (English: a secondary phonetic feature of stops /p/, /t/, /k/ in particular positions; Chinese: an essential distinctive feature of the consonantal subsystem operating in three pairs of stops and three pairs of affricates). After reviewing possible options for making phonological contrast in stops (and affricates) employing the laryngeal phonological features [± voiced] and [± aspirated], the author presents cross-linguistically manifold ways of phonetic realizations of the phonological categories chosen by a particular language (the polarization principle, Magnet Model Theory and Trubetzkoy’s “phonological sieve” are introduced as a possible explanation of the diversity). The author points out that the described complexity causes numerous problems in consonant production and perception in second language learning, the mistakes being diverse depending on the native language of the student.
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Językowy obraz deszczu we frazeologii polskiej i chińskiej – analiza porównawcza

51%
Sroka A., Nowicka N.
Językoznawstwo
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2024
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vol. 20
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issue 1
161-178
EN
The aim of this article is to compare the linguistic pictures of rain in Polish and Chinese phraseology, to show their similarities and divergences, and to present the valuation of the ‘rain’ element itself. The study also attempts to find the reasons for the differences existing in linguistic interpretations of reality created by Polish and Chinese people. The semantic-lexical and comparative analysis was carried out using the theory and tools of the linguistic picture of the world, which makes it possible to learn and understand non-superficially the culture preserved in the language of given nations. The research includes the lexicographic data extracted from Polish and Chinese monolingual dictionaries (general and phraseological) and from Chinese-English bilingual dictionaries. The analysis showed, inter alia, that the reconstructed worldviews share common features resulting from both the physical characteristics of rain and the communicative function of language. The discrepancies are, however, more visible, and the linguistic pictures specific to Polish and Chinese highlight the differences in the perception of reality by the users of these languages.
PL
Celem artykułu jest porównanie językowych obrazów deszczu występujących we frazeologii polskiej i chińskiej, ukazanie ich podobieństw i rozbieżności oraz przedstawienie wartościowania samego elementu deszczu. Praca stanowi również próbę odnalezienia przyczyn różnic w wykreowanych przez Polaków i Chińczyków w językowych interpretacjach rzeczywistości. Do analizy semantyczno-leksykalnej i komparatystycznej wykorzystane zostały założenia oraz narzędzia JOS, dzięki którym możliwe jest niepowierzchowne poznanie i zrozumienie kultury utrwalonej w języku danych narodów. W badaniu wykorzystane zostały dane leksykograficzne wyekscerpowane z polskich i chińskich słowników jednojęzycznych (ogólnych i frazeologicznych) oraz chińsko-angielskich słowników dwujęzycznych. Analiza wykazała między innymi, że obrazy te mają wspólne cechy wynikające z kwestii fizycznych, jak również z komunikatywnej funkcji języka. Rozbieżności są jednak bardziej uwidocznione, a językowe obrazy deszczu specyficzne dla języka polskiego i chińskiego uwydatniają różnice w postrzeganiu rzeczywistości przez użytkowników tych języków.
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