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EN
The study presents selected aspects of the pastoral and writing output of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky. Obviously, they do not encompass or exhaust the complete range of his activity and genuine achievements during his ministry in the Greek Catholic Church. But it was not the purpose of this study to list all the accomplishments or to emphasize the general effect of the works of this outstanding hierarch of the Church. The overriding reason for bringing out Sheptytsky’s profile was the attempt to show him against the background of his epoch and its specific historical-religious circumstances, in order to draw attention to his stance as a person and Church hierarch in the context of essential historical challenges. The following issues are tackled: Sheptytsky’s impact on the shaping of organizational and spiritual matters of his Church, his initiation of the movement of renewal of the Eastern rite in the Eastern Catholic Church, his openness to cooperation and strengthening relations within the Christian communities. Last but not least, the author wished to accentuate the personal authenticity of the Metropolitan, who has not always been assessed in a reliable and objective way.
XX
The Metropolitan Archbishop Andrey Sheptytsky was the head of the Greek Catholic Church in Eastern Małopolska in 1901-1946. When he assumed the duties of a bishop, he realised that work with the intelligentsia would be more difficult than with other people. However, he still wished to be their spiritual leader in their Christian life. He never wanted to set the clergy against the intelli-gentsia; he did not believe they were in opposite camps. He summoned those who declared they affiliation with the Greek Catholic Church to manifest it in their everyday living. Moreover, he op-posed those who demanded that the Greek Catholics join the Orthodox Church for the sake of na-tional unity of the Ukrainians. Many people representing the world of culture and science considered him as the most im-portant defender of the Ukrainian nation’s rights.
PL
Metropolita Szeptycki objął przywództwo w Cerkwi w najtrudniejszym okresie stosunków polsko-ukraińskich. Rozpoczynając swoją posługę biskupią zapewniał, że darzy Polaków szacunkiem. Jednak mimo łagodnego początku prowadził antypolską politykę. Zarówno w czasie wojny ukraińsko-polskiej w 1918 r. o Galicję Wschodnią, jak i w czasie rzezi ludności polskiej przez szowinistów ukraińskich na Wołyniu i Małopolsce Wschodniej w czasie II wojny światowej zachowywał się raczej jak polityk a nie duszpasterz. Gdy abp. Bilczewski, a potem abp. Twardowski zwrócili się do niego z prośbą o powstrzymanie mordowania polskiej ludności cywilnej, udawał, że nie wie o co chodzi. Czasami można było odnieść wrażenie, że zapominał, że jego najważniejszym zadaniem jest głoszenie Ewangelii. Dla niego polityczne interesy Ukraińców czasami były ważniejsze. Zamiast dążyć do pojednania polsko-ukraińskiego wspierał ukraińskich nacjonalistów w ich walce z Polakami. Postępowanie Szeptyckiego doprowadziło do poważnego ochłodzenia jego relacji z polskimi biskupami.
EN
The Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky has become the leader of the Greek Catholic Church in the most difficult period of the Polish-Ukrainian relations. When he began his service as the archbishop, he assured that he respected the Poles. However, despite the mild beginnings, his politics were anti-Polish. Both during the Ukrainian- Polish war of Eastern Galicia in 1918 and during the World War II massacre of the Poles by the Ukrainian chauvinists in Volhynia and Eastern Małopolska, he behaved more like a politician than a priest. When first the archbishop Jozef Bilczewski and then the archbishop Boleslaw Twardowski asked him to try to stop the murders on Polish civilians, he pretended he did not know what was going on. Sometimes he acted as though he had forgotten that his major task was to preach the Gospel and in result the political interests of the Ukrainians were more important to him. Instead of attempting to unite the Poles and the Ukrainians, he supported Ukrainian nationalists in their fights with Poland. His approach led to a serious chilling of his relations with Polish bishops.
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