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This article is devoted to Miroslav Boháček (1899-1982), the first editor of the periodic publication Manuscripts Studies which celebrates its 50th anniversary. The author describes Boháček´s life dedicated to teaching research, and editorial work. She describes how the change of the political regime in 1948 influenced the life of one of the leading Czech Romanists, a sifgnificant professor who was forced to leave the university. Later on, supported by Prof. Vojtíšek, Boháček found application in manuscripts research. Due to his precise, accurate work with manuscripts he achieved great success and recognition among codicologists.
EN
Polski historyk prawa i kanonista Adam Vetulani (1901–1976) oraz czeski historyk prawa, specjalista w zakresie prawa rzymskiego i kodykologii Miroslav Boháček (1899–1982) należeli do pokolenia uczonych, którzy w okresie międzywojennym ukończyli studia, wykorzystali stypendia na zagranicznych uniwersytetach i rozpoczęli dobrze się zapowiadającą karierę akademicką. Po drugiej wojnie światowej władze komunistyczne uniemożliwiały im wyjazdy zagraniczne, nawet do tz w. krajów demokracji ludowej. Przez wiele lat tylko drogą korespondencyjną utrzymywali kontakt z zagranicznymi uczonymi. Do osobistego spotkania Vetulaniego z Boháčkiem doszło dopiero w 1962 roku, po 6 latach wymiany listów. Ich korespondencja nie była dotąd publikowana. Pochodzi z lat 1956–1975 i zawiera 96 listów: 56 Adama Vetulaniego do Miroslava Boháčka oraz 40 Boháčka do Vetulaniego. Korespondencja ta stanowi cenne źródło do poznania biografi i obu uczonych, a także historii polskich i czeskich badań średniowiecznych rękopisów prawniczych. Jej edycja jest przygotowywana w ramach projektu Czesko -polskie kontakty naukowe i kulturalne w XIX i XX w., realizowanego wspólnie przez Archiwum Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauk i Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności oraz Masarykův ústav a Archiv Akademie věd České republiky, v.v.i.
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The presentation held on May 9, 2012 in PAU Commission on the History of Science aimed to acquaint the audience with the results of the collaboration between the Archive of Science of Polish Academy of Sciences and of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Cracow and the Masaryk Institute and Archives of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The project called “Czech-Polish scientific and cultural contacts in the 19th and 20th centuries” covers the forthcoming edition of the correspondence between Professors Adam Vetulani (1901–1976) and Miroslav Boháček (1899–1982). Both men were shaped mainly by their university professors. For Vetulani it was Professor Stanisław Kutrzeba from the Law Faculty of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. Boháček, who studied at the Faculty of Law of Charles University in Prague, was mainly infl uenced by Professor Josef Vančura. Scholarships to foreign universities also had signifi cant infl uence on their future scientifi c focus. Vetulani studied in Prague, Paris and Strasbourg, Boháček went to Palermo. Both of them used their fellowship experience to prepare their habilitation writings. Second World War ceased their promising careers – Vetulani’s at the Jagiellonian University, Boháček’s at the Charles University.They experienced the war in rather diff erent ways. Vetulani had been drafted into the army. After having fought in France, he was interned in Switz erland, where he organized diff erent levels of education for Polish soldiers kept there. Boháček spent the war on intensive studies of Czech legal sources, focusing on the infl uence of Roman law on Czech legal culture. After the war, during a short period of freedom, both of them went back to their faculties. Both were appointed regular professors, but political changes caused major changes in their lives. The study of Roman law was no longer desirable in the Czechoslovak Republic, which was the reason why Boháček had to leave university. After several years of insecurity, he found refuge in the newly formed Commission for Cataloguing and Study of Manuscripts at the Archives of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, where, along with František Čáda, he created the catalogue of manuscripts held in the Library of the Silesian Studies Institute in Opava (1955), the inventory of manuscripts held in Chapter Library in Olomouc (1960) and especially the catalogue of medieval manuscripts of Scientifi c Library in Olomouc (1953–1975). Vetulani, who was the Dean of the Faculty of Law of the Jagiellonian University during the years of1946/1947 and 1947/1948, worked there until the academic year 1970/1971. Until their retirement both were under pressure and harassment from the state security service. They were denied contact with researchers from Western Europe, their travelling abroad was made diffi cult. Yet, during Vetulani´s stay in Prague in 1962, they met and dealt with a number of issues in the fi eld of medieval legal culture. They used mutual correspondence to inform each other of new – mainly western – literature, they exchanged reprints of their own works, microfi lms, shared experience from libraries and archives, and exchanged views on the subject of their work. The Decretum Gratiani was a shared topic for both of them, mainly the question of identification of extant manuscripts of the text. Their correspondence from the years 1956–1975 is kept in three locations: Boháček´s personal legacy collection is in Prague at the Masaryk Institute and Archives of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Vetulani’s personal legacy collection is stored at the Jagiellonian University Archives and at the Archive of Science of Polish Academy of Sciences and of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Cracow. The forthcoming edition includes 96 letters and postcards: 56 from Vetulani to Boháček and 40 from Boháček to Vetulani. The edition not only contributes to the biography of both scientists in an interesting way, but also represents a valuable resource for understanding the development of the research of the Czech and Polish medieval legal manuscripts.
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This article deals with the effort to enable access to the manuscript library of the Metropolitan Chapter in Olomouc held by the Land Archives in Opava, branch Olomouc nowadays. The list of the law manuscripts made by law historians Miroslav Boháček and František Čáda in the years 1952-1956 was followed by the List of the manuscripts of the Olomouc. Chapter compiled in the year 1957-1958 and published in 1961 in which the Olomouc archivist Jan Bistřický also took part. In the conclusion, an unsuccessful attempt to compile a complete catalogue of manuscripts is mentioned.
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