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'Transcendental Narcissism' and the Philosophy of Art

100%
Schollenberger P.
Konteksty - Polska Sztuka Ludowa
|
2006
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vol. 60
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issue 2(273)
128-135
EN
The author discusses the question of 'narcissism', specifically understood in the phenomenological works of Merleau-Ponty, in which it denotes a perception that discovers truth within itself, the unexpressed, pre-rational truth of the world as it is, which best captures the process of painting as a work of art. Merleau-Ponty believes that although it evades the claims made by the rationalizing description, the relation between the visible and the invisible generates a linguistic, discursive meaning. In other words, it is possible to speak about art in the language of philosophy and, in addition, to speak well by doing justice to a given work of art, or not. Does the philosophical discourse apply painting as an illustration, or perhaps it unites in a common objective the solution of the mystery of visibility, or discovers within it its own 'silent' reflection? Regardless of the answers we give to these questions, the problem of 'narcissism' - a perception which finds the truth within itself - remains a problem not only of contemporary philosophy but also of contemporary art.
2

SELF-ENHANCEMENT AND COPING: THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF POSITIVE ILLUSIONS

51%
Neckar J.
Studia Psychologica
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2013
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vol. 55
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issue 4
299 – 310
EN
The relation between self-enhancement and psychological adjustment has been controversial and so far open to debate since the influential paper of Taylor and Brown (1988). In the current investigation the relationship between two measures of self-enhancement (narcissism and over-claiming) and coping (constructive thinking) in a sample of young, healthy adults (N = 168) was examined. The structural model showed an equally strong relation of self-enhancement to good and poor coping, thus confirming the hypothesis that self-enhancement has both adaptive and maladaptive effects. The different patterns of relations between two measures of self-enhancement and coping were also detected, which corroborates the idea that the controversy regarding the adaptive value of self-enhancement is to a large extent caused by different measures of self-enhancement.
3

ANALYSIS OF NARCISSISTIC FEATURES DEFINED IN THE CONTEXT OF SELECTED FAMILY FACTORS IN WOMEN WITH FEEDING DISTURBANCES (Analiza cech narcystycznych ujetych w kontekscie wybranych czynnikow rodzinnych u kobiet z zaburzeniami odzywiania)

51%
Pawlowska B.
Roczniki Nauk o Rodzinie (Annals of Family Studies)
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2009
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vol. 56
229-244
EN
The aim of the paper was to search for differences between women with feeding disturbances and healthy women concerning the parents' educational attitudes and intensity of narcissism, as well as to reveal the dependencies between perception of educational attitudes in patients and their narcissistic features. 168 female subjects were studied who were diagnosed as having feeding disturbances, and 168 healthy ones. The average age of women in both groups (clinical and control ones) was 17.5 years, the average age when the disturbed women developed their illness was 16.2 years, and the average time the illness lasted was 4.1 years. In the study the following psychological tests were used: The Deneke, Hilgenstock, Muller Narcissism Inventory translated into Polish and edited by Januszewski, on whose basis narcissistic features were defined in the subjects, and the Parent Children Relations Questionnaire compiled by Roe and Siegelman and edited in Polish by Kowalski, used for assessing the subjects' fathers and mothers' educational attitudes. The results of the statistical analyses were the basis for formulating the following conclusions: 1.The educational attitudes that best differentiate women with feeding disturbances from healthy women is their mothers' hostile, rejecting attitude and lack of their fathers' acceptance and support experienced by the subjects. 2. Women with feeding disturbances are characterized by a more negative - than in healthy women - attitude towards their own body, greater helplessness, feeling of being worthless, of lack of meaning of life, and a fear of a negative appraisal made by others. 3. Their fathers' exacting and rejecting attitude experienced by women with feeding disturbances occurs alongside with an intensified sense of lack of meaning of life, impulsiveness, a negative appraisal of their own bodies, a fear of a negative appraisal made by others, a tendency to escape from reality into daydreaming, and aspiring to self-sufficiency.
4

PRO-SELF-ORIENTATION AND PREFERENCE FOR DECEITFUL STRATEGIES: SOCIAL VALUE ORIENTATION, DISPOSITIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL CORRELATES OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNISM

44%
Sakalaki M., Sotiriou P.
Studia Psychologica
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2012
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vol. 54
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issue 2
157 – 165
EN
The purpose of this paper is to explore some dispositional and behavioural correlates of economic unfairness. In particular, this paper aims to explore: a) if opportunistic attitudes as measured by an economic opportunism scale are positively correlated to pro-self-dispositions like narcissism, psychopathy and pro-self-social value orientation, b) the degree to which opportunistic attitudes correlate with non-cooperative behaviour towards unknown partners in a sequential game. Confirming our hypotheses, a first study (n = 125) showed that, opportunistic attitudes are negatively correlated with pro-social and positively correlated with pro-self-social value orientation, as well as with narcissism and primary psychopathy. A second study (n = 77) showed that opportunistic attitudes are negatively correlated to cooperative economic behaviour in a game situation. These findings highlight the affinities between preferences for non-cooperative economic strategies and both pro-self-social value orientation and self-focusing dispositional variables, as well as self-interest seeking behaviour in a game situation.
5

MINE IS BIGGER THAN YOURS! NARCISSISM PREDICTS BIASES IN PERCEIVED HEAD SIZE

44%
Lyons M., Blinkhorn V., Collier E. S., Bertamini M.
Studia Psychologica
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2019
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vol. 61
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issue 4
245 – 257
EN
The expression big headed is often used to describe narcissists, however is it possible that this term signals a bias in how narcissists perceive themselves? We tested whether narcissistic traits predicted biases in the estimated size and weight of specific body parts, including head circumference and brain weight. In two questionnaire-based studies, participants estimated the size or weight of parts of their body. In Study 1 (n = 316), we found that the Leadership/Authority facet of narcissism significantly predicted greater estimates of head circumference in men, but lower estimates of head circumference in women. In Study 2 (n = 275), we found that when a sex-specific average head circumference was not provided, Leadership/Authority predicted greater estimates of head circumference overall. We present evidence that narcissism predicts biases in estimated head size and brain weight, but that the precise nature of these biases is dependent on the provided frame of reference for body size. These results are discussed with reference to within-sex competitive strategies, perceived intelligence and stereotypes for male and female attractiveness.
6

ZBOŽŠTENIE TELA V NARCIZME A KONIEC POSTMODERNEJ KULTÚRY

44%
Mistrík E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2008
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vol. 63
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issue 4
344-351
EN
The postmodern humans, in their narcissistic and consumer approaches to life, adore the human body. Nevertheless, in contemporary world the cult of a body has been replaced by body show. The ideals of good life disappeared, it is the show that counts. The healthy or beautiful bodies are no more important. What counts is presenting them as such. The values, under the pressure of the consumer society, narcissism and show are decaying. As a consequence, postmodern culture comes to an end. Pluralism of values as the ideal of postmodern culture disintegrated, being replaced by the play of pleasures.
7

Narcyz w sieci społecznej, czyli co analiza sieci mówi o funkcjonowaniu osób narcystycznych

38%
Czarna A.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 2(17)
129-145
EN
The study addresses the question of links between narcissism and position in proximate social groups, defined as approval, popularity (positive, negative and overall) and centrality. Narcissists exhibit many socially undesirable features and behaviours, therefore the main hypothesis was that narcissistic people will be unpopular and disapproved by those who have known them for a longer time. Additionally, tested were hypotheses that narcissistic people will overestimate their own standing in a group and that they will like each other. The study applied network analysis of sociometric and psychometric data to verify the hypotheses in natural environments of small peer groups of Polish university students (N = 124). Results provided a complex picture of narcissists’ standing in groups. The main finding was that narcissism correlated with certain social popularity, both overall and positive. It also correlated with the overestimation index, however absolute values of the overestimation indicated that Polish narcissistic people do not overestimate but rather underestimate less their social position compared to the nonnarcissitic ones. The network analysis revealed the central position of narcissists in the groups, as indicated by a higher number of interpersonal relations (Degree), especially those directed from the narcissists outwards (Outdegree), a strategic selection of friends from influential group members, and more control over information flow in the network, resulting from standing between other group members (Betweenness). The hypothesis of reciprocal attraction of narcissistic people was supported. The findings point to possible culture-based differences in the expression of narcissistic features. Conclusions are drawn for understanding the perpetuation of narcissism. Limitations of the results and further research directions are discussed.
8

THE RELATIONSHIP OF DARK TRIAD AND JOB SATISFACTION AMONG HELPING PROFESSIONALS

38%
Čopková R., Araňošová A.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2020
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vol. 23
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issue 3
18 – 33
EN
While the personality of helping professionals has been the subject of research for quite some time, the approach towards this has changed over this period. While most research (e.g. Bakker et al., 2006; Mlcák & Záskodná, 2008) focuses more on adaptive personality traits - the so called „bright side“ (Oluf & Furnham, 2015) -, less attention was paid to the fact that, as with every person, a helping professional possesses, to some degree , maladaptive personality traits, or a „dark side. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship of three aversive personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy - nowadays known by experts as the Dark Triad (Paulhus & Williams, 2002) - ; with work satisfaction on a sample of helping professionals - pedagogical workers, healthcare workers, rescue workers and social workers. The study was conducted on a sample of 151 participants from different sectors of the helping professions. The Slovak version of Short Dark Triad - SD3 (Jones & Paulhus, 2014; Čopková, in review) and the Slovak version of Job Satisfaction Survey (Spector, 1985; Mesárošová, 2016) were administered. The Slovak version of Short Dark Triad consists of 27 items that saturate three subscales – Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy. Slovak version of Job satisfaction survey is based on the original Job satisfaction survey (Spector, 1985; Mesárošová, 2016)), which is aimed at capturing job satisfaction in the humanitarian sectors, so its use is suitable for a sample of helping professionals.
9
Content available remote

INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM OF CZECH POPULATION AND THEIR RELATION TO NARCISSISM (Individualizmus a kolektivismus v ceske populaci a jejich souvislosti s narcismem)

38%
Bartos F.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2010
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vol. 42
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issue 2
134-161
EN
The article informs about results of intention to find out the relationships between individualism and non-clinical narcissism. Pursuing this intention, the author researched a representative sample of Czech population (n=1081) using the scales of individualism and collectivism (INDCOL, Singelis, Triandis) and narcissism (Bartos). INDCOL scale includes in total four sub-dimensions – orientation on cooperativeness, duty, competitiveness and uniqueness. The forth mentioned dimension is not understood by Czech population uniformly, that is why the author extended the four dimensional typology by the factor of independence. All five factors of individualism and collectivism together explain 50% of the variance, Chronbach's 'a' (alpha) = 0,77. The basis of this theoretical conception INDCOL was supported by the statistic method of multidimensional scaling. As a limitation of reached model could be seen its higher rate of deformation (Stress=0,103) and lower correlation between the original and transformed distances (RSQ=0,939). Czech population is in its psycho-social setting markedly orientated to collectives. For Czechs is also more characteristic orientation on equalitarianism, than respecting of inequality. Collectivistic orientated people are represented more often by older people and by people with lower living standards. On the contrary individualistically orientated people are more often younger, people with higher education and people economically well situated. As the research proves, the individualism often concurs with non-clinical narcissism in the population. The non-clinical narcissism correlates mostly with competitiveness.
10

“Fotoznimki” dumky J. Baudrillarda

32%
Batayeva K.
Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketyng (Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing)
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2011
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issue 3
58-73
EN
The paper presents for the first time in theoretical native thought a substantial analysis of visual concepts of J. Baudrillard (1929-2007) who can be considered rightfully one of predecessors and inspirers of visual paradigm in sociology and philosophy as well as its direct and full-right participant. Sociological and philosophical works by J. Baudrillard develop a special method of visual theoritizing that can be conditionally called «mental photo-imaging» of social reality/hyper-reality assuming visualized expertise of different social problems. The subsection «Video-graphy of concepts» includes description of visual concepts of J. Baudrillard's thinking and visual stylistics of concepts used by him. Mental photo-images of modern society are proposed by J. Baudrillard practically in each of his sociological and philosophical works. This paper mainly deals with analysis of two visual concepts of J. Baudrillard – a concept of image-simulation nature of consumption society and a concept of digital nature of virtuality. The subsection «Culture of appearance» presents analysis of Baudrillard's concept of total direction of consumption society towards image producing which results in the effect of body cult, hedonism ethics, neo-narcissism psychology, ideology of Model, rhetoric of «transparency». According to J. Baudrillard's opinion, advertising can be in the first order responsible for spreading and forcing consumption morality in modern society. The subsection «Homo Telematic» describes new behavioral practices that, according to Baudrillard, have become dominating in virtual world. Instead of attitudes of temptation and narcissism, virtual medium operates basically with social logic of «enchantedness». Enchanted individual does not look into mirror but into screen; he/she looks not reflections but a Code camouflaged in virtual images; he/she takes care not on preservation of body but wants to make immortal his/her virtual twin (nick) in cyber-space.
11

Filmovy hrdina s mesianistickymi crtami

26%
Plencner A.
Communication Today
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2013
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vol. 4
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issue 2
32-47
EN
The author deals with the messianic traits of a hero who is a protagonist of contemporary mainstream film. Basic assumption of this paper is observation that despite the so-called “end of grand narratives” proclaimed by postmodern philosophers at the end of the last century, there are phenonema in culture clearly contradicting former predictions: renaissance of a novel, rising popularity of historical and fantastic stories and new heroes with complex character and genuine humanistic qualities. According to the author this proves the fact that human need for transpersonal values, moral patterns and stories carrying the message of meaningfulness of human destiny, is historically stable. The paper examines various representations of film hero within the broader context of social meanings in cinema (social dimension of film). The author describes psychoanalytic and anthropological concepts of hero as well as Jesus Christ as an archetype of Savior. Some of his special traits serve as a model for conceptualization of messianic hero and his basic characteristics. The text provides numerous examples of strong and weak heroes who alternately resurfaced the mainstream film through the decades. The author believes that the former narcissistic action hero and insecure hero is being replaced with more authentic and vibrant hero: a character who is vulnerable and commited to sacrifice in favor of others at the same time.
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