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EN
The article attempts to define a mountain region, which differs from the surrounding landscape by its physical-geographical properties. Altogether thirteen natural factors were selected, based on which were determined boundaries of a mountain area. The mountain region is defined through their evaluation as a territory where the altitude, relief, slope of the terrain, low soil fertility and other researched factors create specific conditions, determining a way of life, which is dependent on and adapted to the character of surrounding landscape. It is mainly the area of Carpathians and their southern tips. Based on selected examples of the cultural occupation during various time periods it is also possible to see how the natural environment influenced individual archaeological cultures. Human activities in particular area respected the surrounding landscape and thus adapted to the character of the surrounding natural environment. Therefore, the natural environment had a major impact on the occupation of the landscape in the past.
EN
The article comprises a presentation of selected results of studies over the ecological awareness of the inhabitants of villages situated in the communes covered by the 'Natura 2000' network. The first part of the article deals with the distribution of the indicator of pro-ecological attitudes, which helps reveal the categories of inhabitants who are particularly sensitive to and who have considerable knowledge of matters relating to the natural environment. The second part presents their opinions on the condition of the local environment. The surveyed persons are the proponents of the protection of the natural environment in the areas they live in and they are aware of the beauty of these areas. They believe that the attitudes and behaviours of local residents, and the activity of local authorities are decisive for the condition of the surrounding environment. They also think that restrictions connected with environmental protection ought to be compensated for in the form of special - but not only financial, privileges. The opinions of the surveyed villagers are not always consistent and they do not always find confirmation in their behaviours.
EN
The aim of the research presented in the article was to determine the influence of pigs rearing on the natural environment and to assess sustainability of pig farms of great production scale. The analysis included 80 pig farms located in eight voivodeships of the greatest concentration of these animals’ rearing in Poland. The research showed that a level of production sustainability in pig farms is diverse. In part of farms, the norms concerning stocking density per 100 ha of agricultural area are not observed, pigpen areas in piggeries are being limited, monoculture is used in crop growing, and equipment of devices for animal excrement storing is too low in relation to needs. In order to sustain pig farms with regard to production, economic, social, and environmental issues, it is important to shape awareness of agricultural producers concerning the influence of agricultural activity on water, air and soil pollution and to increase legal pressures within the scope of observing requirements of natural environment protection.
EN
In the study, we attempt to present an idea of possible settlement of part of Eastern Slovakia in the region of the upper and central Torysa River from the Middle Neolithic to the Early Middle Ages on the basis of obtained information. We deal with spatial relations of the source fund and by means of spatial analyses in GIS environment. We try to trace reactions of extinct civilizations to the landscape. We notice factors of preference of individual eco-parameters by human and we evaluate them in a wider context of conditions of the natural environment.
EN
Te article outlines the notion of natural capital and its usefulness in a sociological analysis. It presents the perspectives on the environment, including the social constructionist approach. Te work emphasizes the meaning of natural capital (and associated interests) within ecological consciousness research. It also explores the problem of evaluating the social value of natural capital. Te author attempts to present the possible linkages between natural capital research and sociology of borderlands.
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