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In his numerous books, articles and sermons, John Henry Newman mentioned his philosophical vision of science and his idea of scientific education. He took part in many debates of his times. One of most important was that about role of reason in natural science, philosophy and theology. In this paper the author presents Newman's unique philosophy of science and his idea of placing humanities among natural, medical and formal sciences - which he called 'two circles of knowledge'. As a background is shown Newman's theory of two kinds of reasoning and concept of truth.
EN
This article deals with John Henry Newman’s account of revelation and the development of doctrine. It is intended as a contribution to the Czech and Slovak debate on Newman’s theological work which was revived after his canonisation in the year 2019. It starts with an overview of Newman’s understanding of God’s revelation (I.), continues with recalling his concept of doctrinal development (II.), and results in a synthesis (III.) presenting possibilities of inspiration we may draw from Newman’s scholarly work for a contemporary re-thinking of questions related to the concept of continual or new revelation. Based on encountering Newman’s thought, the concept of new revelation is critiqued, and a concluding terminological option is made for dependent revelation (instead of continuous or new revelation). This has an important consequence for the complex Christian theology of revelation. Dependent revelation is indispensably rooted in and based on the original revelation of Jesus Christ; it maintains development and includes new insights gained from particular experiences of faith throughout history, on the road towards the final, eschatological revelation. This account of revelation encourages Christians to rethink and experience again that God and human beings as well as time with eternity encounter one another within the Church.
EN
Blessed John Henry Newman (1801-1890), one of the great intellectual figures of the Catholic Church in the modern period, underwent in his life an arduous journey of faith marked by conversion from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism. He is an author of an extensive literary work comprising sermons, spiritual literature, vast correspondence and various writings in theology, philosophy, history and education. This essay is devoted to the legacy of the English Cardinal. In addition to a biographical text, it strives to present a wholesome understanding of Newman’s life and work, reflecting on his peculiar mission within the Church. In the light of Hans Urs von Balthasar’s ecclesiological thinking, Newman’s distinct place in “Christological constellation” is seen in conjunction with the mission of St. John the Apostle, or “Johannine office” in the Church.
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