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Measures of the insolvency Risk of insurance companies

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EN
The article contains a presentation of the basic models methods and measures used to determine the risk of insolvency of an insurance company. The topics discussed include the solvency margin, risk-based capital and the probability of ruin. The concept of a scale of safety is introduced; this allows the extent of the risk involved in the activities of the insurance company to be expressed in terms of capital requirement. A method for calculating the extended solvency margin (ESM) is proposed. The model of risk-based capital (RBC) is presented in the standard version, using fixed RBC coefficients. The probability of ruin (risk of insolvency) in an annual time-frame has been determined using analytical methods and simulations. The theoretical discussion is illustrated with empirical examples derived from the activities of non-life insurance companies operating as joint stock companies in Poland in the period 1995-2002.
EN
Financial stability has become an important topic, especially in recent years. However, there is no consistent approach for measuring the financial stability of insurance companies. The aim of this paper is to construct the summarized financial stability index for the insurance companies and applied this index on the Czech insurance companies. We construct and applied the financial stability index separately for insurance companies that predominantly provide life insurance and non-life insurance. The financial stability index focuses on five areas. The results show that insurance companies specialised in a particular non-life insurance product are more financially stable. The research suggests that the evolution of insurance companies has been influenced by organisational changes and economic changes. During the period 2004 – 2019, the examined insurance companies did not show any problems in terms of financial stability.
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