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The Other Face of the Sinful Brotherhood of Man — Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Ethical Measure of Humanity

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Marszalski M.

Anglica Wratislaviensia

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2014

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issue 52

31 - 40

EN

The label of a Dark Romantic exploring the dark recesses of the human heart has persisted with Nathaniel Hawthorne since Herman Melville, in “Hawthorne and His Mosses,” perceived Hawthorne’s soul as “shrouded in a blackness, ten times black.” In popular critical assessment, among the major themes of Hawthorne’s fiction are: man’s natural depravity, universal propensity to evil, the unpardonable sin, the idea of the sinful brotherhood of man and the psychological consequences of unconfessed guilt. While the author’s concern with the postlapsarian fallen condition of man is undeniable, a question arises as to the overall judgment the writer passes on the human race. Is he a misanthrope who views people as fallible, imperfect if not absolutely wicked, or is the ethical measure he takes of mankind more balanced? This paper intends to go against the prevailing critical bias that emphasizes the gloomy side of human nature in Hawthorne’s literary world, overlooking its morally brighter counterpart. An attempt is made at a more objective ethical estimation of the writer’s outlook on mankind, as presented in his fiction, that would point to goodness in his characters as capable of counterbalancing the presence of evil in communal life.

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“The thin delights of moonshine and romance”: Romance, Tourism, and Realism in Hawthorne’s The Marble Faun

86%

Martinez C.

Review of International American Studies

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2018

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vol. 11

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issue 2

EN

Carlo MartinezUniversità “G. d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, Italy “The thin delights of moonshine and romance”: Romance, Tourism, and Realism in Hawthorne’s The Marble Faun Abstract: Hawthorne’s involvement with the logic of the tourism of his day is a key aspect of his development as a fiction writer. Starting from a discussion of the early sketch “My Visit to Niagara” the article argues that the discourse of tourism, with its protocols and practices, is for Hawthorne a fertile breeding ground and conceptual framework for the elaboration of a new rationale and a new aesthetic for the fiction writing he calls “romance.” It then explores how tourism resonates in the romance which takes it as its central thematic concern: The Marble Faun. Hawthorne’s last completed long work of fiction represents a moment of artistic and personal crisis for the author, who finds his notion of romance writing caught in a sort of double bind created by the touristic nature of his stay in Italy. As the plot of the novel suggests, in his efforts to extricate himself from the situation, Hawthorne, envisioned and experimented with a new kind of writing that led him to revise and alter radically the romance form he had previously elaborated in favor of a much more realistic style of fiction. Keywords: Nathaniel Hawthorne; Tourism; Italy; The Marble Faun; Romance; Realism

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Hugo Pratt and Milo Manara’s Indian Summer: An Italian “Source” for The Scarlet Letter

86%

Mariani G.

Review of International American Studies

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2017

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vol. 10

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issue 2

EN

Giorgio MarianiUniversità “Sapienza” di RomaItalyHugo Pratt’s and Milo Manara’s Indian Summer: An Italian “Source” for The Scarlet LetterThis paper examines the allusions of Milo Manara’s and Hugo Pratt’s graphic novel, Tutto ricominciò con un’estate indiana (Indian Summer), to Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlett Letter in a variety of ways. In particular, this paper argues that not only some of Pratt and Manara’s characters are very liberal, creative reinventions of Hawthorne’s figures-they might be seen as “spin-offs” of Hawthorne’s narrative-but in many ways Indian Summer is also thematically close to The Scarlet Letter.

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The Other Face of the Sinful Brotherhood of Man — Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Ethical Measure of Humanity

“The thin delights of moonshine and romance”: Romance, Tourism, and Realism in Hawthorne’s The Marble Faun

Hugo Pratt and Milo Manara’s Indian Summer: An Italian “Source” for The Scarlet Letter