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Wileńska Galeria Obrazów Sławnych Polaków Józefa Bogusławskiego (1788-1820)

100%
Polanowska J.
Biuletyn Historii Sztuki
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2012
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vol. 74
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issue 1
45-66
EN
The author describes the Wilno Gallery of Paintings of Famous Poles of Father Józef Konstanty Bogusławski. The Gallery collected over thirty years included ‘two hundred and some dozens’ of oil paintings, a significant part of them constituted by copies of portraits of Polish monarchs and Polish dignitaries from the Royal Castle in Warsaw, as well as effigies of Lithuanian dignitaries, scenes from Lithuanian history and sculptures. The Gallery was dispersed in 1820. The National Museum in Warsaw possesses a set of over 70 canvases from this Gallery.
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The Egyptian collection from Łohojsk in the National Museum in Warsaw

100%
Majewska A.
Światowit
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2018
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vol. 57
249-257
EN
The National Museum in Warsaw, founded in 1916, took over the function of the older Museum of Fine Arts in Warsaw, founded in 1862. Between 1918 and 1922, the National Museum was systematically enriched through donations by private persons and institutions. One of the most important collections, placed there in 1919, was that originating from an old private museum owned by the Tyszkiewicz family in Łohojsk, donated through the agency of the Society of Fine Arts ‘Zachęta’ in Warsaw. The museum in Łohojsk (today in Belarus, not far from Minsk) was founded by Konstanty Tyszkiewicz (1806–1868). The rich collection of family portraits, paintings, engravings, and other works of art was enriched in 1862 by Count Michał Tyszkiewicz (1828–1897), who bequeathed a substantial part of the Egyptian antiquities brought from his travel to Egypt in 1861–1862. The Łohojsk collection was partly sold by Konstanty’s son, Oskar Tyszkiewicz (1837–1897), but some of these objects were purchased in 1901 by a cousin of Michał Tyszkiewicz, who then donated them to the Society of Fine Arts ‘Zachęta’. At this stage, the whole collection amounted to 626 items, of which 163 were connected to Egypt. During World War II, the National Museum in Warsaw suffered serious losses. At present, the exhibits originating from Łohojsk include 113 original ancient Egyptian pieces, four forgeries, and 29 paper squeezes reproducing the reliefs from the tomb of Khaemhtat of the 18th Dynasty (Theban tomb no. 57).
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PIOTR PIOTROWSKI (1952 – 2015)

88%
Szeląg M.
Muzealnictwo
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2015
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vol. 56
EN
Professor Piotr Piotrowski passed away on 3rd May 2015. Above all, he was a world-class art historian, an author of dozens of books and hundreds of articles, a university lecturer, an intellectual engaged in public debates, and an academic teacher shaping the scientific attitudes of the most prominent art historians from the middle and younger generations in Poland and abroad. His personal achievement also included important achievements in the fields of museum studies and museology which place him among the most original Polish museum professionals at the turn of the 21st century. This memory is mainly devoted to the museum activity of Piotr Piotrowski. It recalls his achievements as a curator in the Gallery of Contemporary Art of the National Museum in Poznań, and highlights the intellectual legacy of his achievements in museology in the concept of the „critical museum” and the belief in the importance of the institution of the museum in public debate.
PL
Profesor Piotr Piotrowski zmarł 3 maja 2015 roku. Był przede wszystkim światowej klasy historykiem sztuki, autorem kilkunastu książek i kilkuset artykułów, wykładowcą uniwersyteckim, zaangażowanym w debaty publiczne intelektualistą, nauczycielem akademickim kształtującym postawy naukowe najwybitniejszych historyków sztuki średniego i młodszego pokolenia w Polsce i za granicą. W swoim dorobku zawodowym miał również niebagatelne osiągnięcia w dziedzinie muzealnictwa i muzeologii, które sytuują Go w gronie najbardziej oryginalnych muzealników polskich przełomu XX i XXI wieku. Wspomnienie poświęcone jest głównie muzealnej aktywności Piotra Piotrowskiego. Przypomina Jego osiągnięcia na stanowisku kuratora Galerii Sztuki Współczesnej Muzeum Narodowego w Poznaniu oraz zwraca uwagę na spuściznę intelektualną jego dorobku muzeologicznego w postaci koncepcji muzeum krytycznego i przekonania o ważnym miejscu instytucji muzeum w debacie publicznej.
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WITOLD DOBROWOLSKI (1939–2019)

88%
Żelazowski J.
Muzealnictwo
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2020
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vol. 61
90-95
EN
The recollections of Prof. W. Dobrowolski focus mainly on his activity at the National Museum in Warsaw (1960–2011) and his scholarly accomplishments. The creator of modern Etruscology in Poland in the 1960s, he contributed greatly to promoting knowledge of Etruscan civilization among Polish society. He won his international fame with the documentation of Etruscan tombs and their painterly decoration in the modern period. Furthermore, W. Dobrowolski was an unquestioned expert in Greek pottery, particularly from the Vilnius and Gołuchów collections kept at the National Museum in Warsaw, and was capable of applying his deepened iconographic analyses to museum displays. His passion being Greek art as a universal and topical model for artistic and esthetical values, he was greatly committed to promoting ancient art in Poland as an organizer of several dozen exhibitions at local museums, author of numerous encyclopaedic entries and chapters in art history textbooks. Moreover, he authored and curated some big and important exhibitions at the National Museum in Warsaw, where he also had a significant impact on the permanent Ancient Art Gallery which existed until 2011. Dobrowolski’s studies in Polish collecting of ancient historical pieces in the 18th and 19th centuries paved him the way to important analyses of the presence of the Antiquity in European and Polish culture that were the academic focus in the last period of his life.
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Exposition « Fouilles égyptiennes » au Musée National de Varsovie, 1937

88%
Ambroziak L.
Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
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2016
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vol. 29
7–17
EN
The University of Warsaw started the Polish-French excavations in Edfu (Egypt) under the agreement concluded in 1936 with the French Institute for Oriental Archaeology in Cairo. The numerous artifacts found during the first archaeological season at the site in 1937 were split between Egypt, France and Poland, while the last received the highest proportion of the findings (c. 2000 objects). After being transported to the National Museum in Warsaw the most interesting artifacts from Edfu were presented on an exhibition opened the same year. The exhibition attracted c. 60 thousand visitors within two months. As a result, the Gallery of Ancient Art – the first permanent exhibition of the heritage of ancient civilizations in Poland – was created in 1938. The Gallery was housed in the newly opened building of the National Museum in Warsaw. Professor Kazimierz Michałowski, one of the members of the archaeological team working in Edfu and the creator of the ‘Polish school of the Mediterranean archaeology’, was appointed its first curator.
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A forgotten hero: Jan Morawiński (1907–1949)

88%
Olkowski R.
Muzealnictwo
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2021
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issue 62
220-226
EN
Notes of a Curator at the National Museum published in 1970 in the second volume of the book Struggle for Cultural Goods is the only generally available testimony to saving the Wilanów historic monuments by Jan Morawiński, a forgotten hero from the times of WW II. Additionally priceless because of Morawiński documenting the looting of 137 paintings belonging to the pre-WW II Branicki collection at Wilanów. The above-mentioned Notes were published by the Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy after the manuscript kept in the private archive of the author’s daughter Agnieszka Morawińska. The notes, however, resemble pieces of paper torn from a notebook in which an earlier chapter is missing. The missing chapter does exist, yet for unknown reasons was omitted in the two-volume Struggle for Cultural Goods. Warsaw 1939–1945 edited by Prof. Stanisław Lorentz. The present paper is based on Morawiński’s hand-written testimony, supported by archival sources and recollections of his colleagues from the National Museum in Warsaw (MNW). From August 1939 to August 1944, Jan Morawiński, together with others, was involved in saving precious museum exhibits in the Museum building, but also throughout Warsaw. He was involved in packing the historic monuments into crates which were to help them survive the toughest times, and he helped to put out fires at the Museum, risking his own life. Moreover, he rescued the Royal Castle collections during the hardest bombing of Warsaw, transporting them to the storages in Warsaw’s Jerozolimskie Avenue. For his dedication he was awarded the Virtuti Militari Cross of the 5th class by Gen. Juliusz Rómmel. After Warsaw’s surrender, he was assigned Head of MNW’s storerooms and inventories: when Director Lorentz was absent, he acted as his deputy. In the first period of the Nazi occupation he courageously faced German officials. Furthermore, he headed the clandestine action of inventorying and documenting German destructions and plundering. The knowledge amassed in this way was extremely helpful in the restitution of the looted historic monuments, not only museum ones. He also contributed to documenting the destruction of the Warsaw Castle. Imprisoned by the Nazis, he went through Gestapo’s hands at Daniłowiczowska Street in Warsaw. Later on, he became manager of the Museum of Old Warsaw in the Old Town, at the same time acting as a guardian of the Wilanów collection. Following the defeat of the Warsaw Uprising, he participated in the so-called Pruszków Action in whose course he was badly injured.
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„ROCZNIK MUZEUM NARODOWEGO W WARSZAWIE. NOWA SERIA”, NR 1(37), 2012, SS. 366, IL.; NR 2(38), 2013, SS. 524, IL.

88%
Borusowski P.
Muzealnictwo
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2014
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vol. 55
234-237
EN
The 2nd issue of „Rocznik Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie. Nowa Seria / Journal of the National Museum in Warsaw. New Series” was published in 2013. The journal is a continuation of the long-lasting tradition dating back to the beginnings of the museum in its current building and a combination of the best features of the former journals: “Rocznik Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie” (“Journal of the National Museum in Warsaw”) and “Bulletin du Musée National de Varsovie”. The new journal is designed for art historians, conservators and other scientists who want to present their research related to the collection of the National Museum in Warsaw, conservation issues or the problems of modern museums.
PL
W 2013 r. ukazał się drugi numer „Rocznika Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie. Nowa Seria / Journal of the National Museum in Warsaw. New Series”. Czasopismo kontynuuje bogatą tradycję sięgającą początków istnienia muzeum w jego obecnym gmachu, łączy najlepsze cechy swoich dawnych periodyków: „Rocznika Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie” i „Bulletin du Musée National de Varsovie”. Łamy nowego czasopismo otwarte są dla historyków sztuki, konserwatorów i przedstawicieli innych dyscyplin naukowych, którzy chcieliby opublikować badania związane z kolekcją Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie, zagadnieniami konserwatorskimi czy problemami współczesnego muzealnictwa.
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Forgotten hero: Jan Morawiński (1907–1949). Part two

88%
Olkowski R.
Muzealnictwo
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2022
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vol. 63
95-105
EN
Having been discharged from hospital in January 1945, Jan Morawiński became a curator at a new Branch of the National Museum in Warsaw. His main task was guardianship of the collection and Palace’s preservation. On 13 January 1946, Morawiński left for Berlin’s Polish Military Mission as a specialist in restituting Polish cultural assets from Germany. Morawiński’s scope of activities covered first of all the issues of the restitution of Polish cultural assets, acquisition of Polonica from German collections, and purchase of art works. In the course of his mission he operated mainly within the British occupation zone in Germany. The Polish claims submitted by Morawiński to the British were related mainly to the Grasleben depository and the bells amassed in Hamburg. After months-long efforts, he succeeded in leaving for Hamburg in order to ascertain the presence of about a thousand bells of Polish provenance there. Furthermore, Morawiński operated within the Soviet occupation zone. In Saxony’s Nossen he discovered nine paintings which had come from Cracow. One of his greatest successes was to win the permission of the English to recover the archival resources originally from Gdansk, Elbląg, Szczecin, and Toruń. With the financing provided by the Ministry of Culture and Art he purchased, among others, the painting by Teodor Lubieniecki Family in the Park Background, a cup of Augustus II (1698), and two etchings featuring John III Sobieski. Having finished his Berlin assignment, he became head of the Polish Military Mission in the French occupation zone in Germany. In May 1949, he returned to Poland to become a Cultural Counselor at Poland’s Embassy in Rome. Morawiński died suddenly in Warsaw on 13 December 1949.
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CURATORSHIP PRAXISES TOWARDS ‘DISPLACED ASSETS’ IN POST-1989 MUSEUM PROJECTS: TWO EXHIBITIONS AT WARSAW’S XAWERY DUNIKOWSKI MUSEUM

75%
Toniak E.
Muzealnictwo
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2020
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vol. 61
208-218
EN
Two exhibitions at the Xawery Dunikowski Museum of Sculpture at the Królikarnia Palace, branch of the National Museum in Warsaw: the ‘Inventorying’ Display-Research Project, which was a kind of a public inventory of the sculpture collection (2012) and the Exhibition ‘The Estate. Sculptures from the collection of the Von Rose family and films and photographs from the archive of Zofia Chomętowska’ (2015) are case studies serving the Author to analyse curatorship practices with respect to the collections whose major part is composed of ‘displaced assets’, first of all from the so-called ‘Regained Territories’. In the words of the Chief Curator at the Królikarnia Museum since 2011 and the Exhibitions’ Curator Agnieszka Tarasiuk: it is a troublesome collection testifying to a difficult heritage and not yielding to conservation. The paper’s methodological basis is the museum exhibits’ provenance research conducted by R. Olkowski, L.M. Kamińska, and M. Romanowska-Zadrożna, while its context is found in the programme assumptions of the Strategy for the Operations and Development of the National Museum in Warsaw 2010–2020 worked out by the former National Museum’s Director Piotr Piotrowski. One of its priorities is to clarify the origins of the collections of unknown provenance, and settling accounts with their former owners. Furthermore, the question related to constructing museum’s genealogy and the memory of history of the period immediately following WWII in the new socio-political situation in Poland after 1989 is posed. The position for dealing with collections’ provenance research introduced by P. Piotrowski was liquidated following the Director’s dismissal in 2012. The paper forms part of a bigger whole.
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Peter Paul Rubens, Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc and Joan of Arc

75%
Borusowski P.
Werkwinkel
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2015
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vol. 10
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issue 2
25-35
EN
In 2011 a discovery was made at the Department of Prints and Drawings of the National Museum in Warsaw - a drawing hitherto described as a Kneeling knight by an anonymous seventeenth-century artist, turned out to be Joan of Arc, a sketch well-known to art historians studying the oeuvre of Peter Paul Rubens, although thought to be lost during the Second World War. The drawing, until now known only through the black and white photograph, could be thoroughly analysed for the first time. In the context of information thus obtained, the historical context of creating the sketch transpired as an equally important matter, including the hypothetical role that may have been played in its creation by Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc.
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IRENA JAKIMOWICZ: AN IDEAL MUSEOLOGIST

63%
Żakiewicz A.
Muzealnictwo
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2020
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vol. 61
110-116
EN
Having studied history of art on clandestine Warsaw University courses run in 1943–1944, Irena Jakimowicz (1922–1999) graduated in 1951. In 1945–1991, she worked at the National Museum in Warsaw, initially in the Educational Department, from 1953 in the Polish Graphic Arts Department, out of which in 1958 she selected works executed after 1914, turning them into the Department of Graphic Arts and Contemporary Drawings which she headed as curator. Until early 1982, the Department formed part of the Gallery of Contemporary Art, yet it subsequently gained autonomy as the Cabinet of Graphic Arts and Contemporary Drawings curated by Irena Jakimowicz. Jakimowicz mounted some dozens exhibitions, mainly monographic ones of Polish contemporary artists, e.g. Bronisław Wojciech Linke (1963), Zygmunt Waliszewski (1964), Feliks Topolski (1965), Wacław Wąsowicz (1969), Tadeusz Kulisiewicz (1971), Konstanty Brandel (1977), Henryk Gotlib (1980), Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (1989/1990). All the exhibitions were accompanied by reasoned catalgoues. Furthermore, Jakimowicz authored several cross-sectional, such as ‘Within the Circle of the Rembrandt Tradition’ (1956), ‘From Young Poland to Today’ (1959), ‘Polish Contemporary Graphic Arts 1900–1960’ (1960), ‘The Formists’ (1985), ‘Five Centuries of Polish Prints’ (1997). In 1970, she defended her doctoral dissertation dedicated to the collector Tomasz Zieliński. Moreover, she authored many papers, reviews, and books, e.g. Witkacy – Chwistek – Strzemiński (1976), Witkacy Malarz [Witkacy the Painter] (1985), Jerzy Mierzejewski (1996). She was a wonderful Boss: demanding, but strict with herself, too. Attentive to her employees’ development, she could appreciate and use their abilities to their own benefit and to the benefit of their institution. Those who had the privilege and pleasure of cooperating with her, recall her with admiration saying what a likeable person she was.
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Ergon agathon

63%
Lichocka B.
Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences)
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2017
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vol. XXX
9-71
EN
In 2016 the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the Research Centre for Mediterranean Archaeology of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Zakład Archeologii Śródziemnomorskiej Polskiej Akademii Nauk) and 50th anniversary of the edition of the first volume of Études et Travaux took place. It is an opportunity to recall the story of the institution founded on the initiative of Prof. Kazimierz Michałowski, one of three key components constituting the ‘Polish school of Mediterranean archaeology’. The Centre’s scholars have participated in many archaeological missions conducted under the auspices of the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology of the University of Warsaw. They carried out scientific projects connected with explored sites, but also various studies undertaken independently of the fieldwork. In addition to scientific research, scholarly editions, the lasting traces of their activity are popular scientific publications. In 2010, the Centre was combined with the Centre for Studies on Non-European Countries of the Polish Academy of Sciences and was thus transformed into the Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk).
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WALKA O TZW. REWINDYKACJĘ WILEŃSKICH DÓBR KULTURY PO II WOJNIE ŚWIATOWEJ

51%
Olkowski R.
Muzealnictwo
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2017
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vol. 58
195-207
EN
The article describes the so-called requisition campaign carried out in Vilnius city and region and Kaunas, Lithuania, the aim of which was to recover the cultural heritage which was supposed to stay abroad as a result of the change of borders after World War II for the Polish State and its citizens People connected with the Cultural Department established by the Polish Committee of National Liberation in 1944 at the Office of the Chief Plenipotentiary for Evacuation in the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic. The Cultural Department carried out this activity under the Agreement between the Polish Committee of National Liberation and the Government of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic regarding the evacuation of Polish citizens from Soviet Lithuania and Lithuanian citizens from Poland concerning the mutual repatriation of peoples. The article aims to recall the private collections and most important cultural institutions in Vilnius from the period before 1939 which failed to be transported from Vilnius to Poland, despite the great efforts of many people. However, regardless of the result, the actions described and those who conducted them deserve to be recalled and mentioned in the subject-matter literature.
PL
Tematem artykułu są działania tzw. akcji rewindykacyjnej prowadzone na terenie Wilna, Wileńszczyzny i tzw. Litwy Kowieńskiej, których celem było uratowanie dla Państwa Polskiego i jego obywateli dorobku kulturalnego, mającego pozostać poza obszarem kraju na skutek zmiany granic po II wojnie światowej. Ratowaniem zabytków, archiwów i bibliotek zajmowały się osoby związane z Wydziałem Kultury utworzonym przez Rząd PKWN w 1944 r. przy Urzędzie Głównego Pełnomocnika do Spraw Ewakuacji w Litewskiej Socjalistycznej Republice Radzieckiej. Wydział Kultury prowadził działalność w następstwie podpisania Układu pomiędzy Polskim Komitetem Wyzwolenia Narodowego a Rządem Litewskiej Socjalistycznej Republiki Radzieckiej dotyczącego ewakuacji obywateli polskich z terytorium Litewskiej SSR i ludności litewskiej z terytorium Polski, mówiącego o wzajemnej repatriacji ludności. Zamiarem artykułu jest przywołanie kolekcji prywatnych i najważniejszych instytucji kulturalnych Wilna sprzed 1939 r., których mimo ogromnego wysiłku wielu osób, w większości nie udało się przewieść z Wilna do Polski. Jednak – niezależnie od wyników – opisane działania i przeprowadzające je osoby zasługują na ich przypomnienie i utrwalenie w literaturze przedmiotu.
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