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Predicting Definite Article Usages in New Englishes: Variety Outweighs Genre and Syntactic Function in Nigerian English

100%
Akinlotan M.
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
|
2017
|
issue 26/2
101-121
XX
Variability in the use of the defi nite article in New Englishes, and in particular, Nigerian English has received the least attention from a quantitative, probabilistic and predictive perspective. The present study narrows this gap by not only assessing the extent to which article use in Nigerian English varies, but by also simultaneously testing out previous claims found in similar varieties, using similar corpus data from the Nigerian component of the International Corpus of English (ICE). Following theoretic framework for article use by Hawkins (1978) and Prince (1981), Wahid (2013) found that variability in defi nite article usage in New Englishes is more predictable on the basis of genre than on the basis of variety. Revising Wahid’s method and reconceptualising same theoretic frameworks of Hawkins and Prince, together with a comparable corpus sample of 8674 defi nite article the from ICE-Nigeria, the extent of article usage variability in the Nigerian variety is not only shown but also that variety outweighs genre and syntactic function predicting article usage in New Englishes.
2
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The evolution of outer circle varieties: a new model for Nigerian English

100%
Akinlotan M.
Socjolingwistyka
|
2019
|
issue 33
43-57
PL
Artykuł przybliża najważniejsze kierunki w badaniach oraz sposobach konceptualizowania odmian języka angielskiego z całego świata. Przybliżono tło filozoficzne istniejących odmian języka angielskiego, zaprezentowano także powszechne problemy związane z ich kształtowaniem się. W artykule omówiono model trzech kręgów Kachru, koncepcję cytowaną i po wielekroć analizowaną w literaturze językoznawczej. Pokazano znaczenie, jakie miało przypisanie odmian języka angielskiego do trzech różnych stadiów rozwoju. Autor omawia także Mapę Światowego Angielskiego, model, któremu nie poświęcono jeszcze dość uwagi w literaturze naukowej, biorący pod uwagę elementy brakujące w koncepcji trzech kręgów. Wkładem autora do badań nad odmianami języka angielskiego jest zaproponowany przez niego model, w którym ewolucja zewnętrznych odmian języka angielskiego jest ukazana z perspektywy nigeryjskiej odmiany języka angielskiego. Innymi słowy, wydarzenia historyczne wpływające na rozwój nigeryjskiego angielskiego są podobne do tych, pod wpływem których kształtowały się takie odmiany jak indyjska, singapurska czy ta używana w Ghanie, oczywiście poza specyficznymi dla tych krajów zdarzeniami społeczno-politycznymi, które jednak są mniej istotne dla rozwoju języka na przestrzeni lat.
EN
This paper reviews important concepts in the study and conceptualisation of varieties of English across the globe. The philosophical backgrounds underpinning these varieties of English are put forward, showing the arguments surrounding the modelling of varieties of English across the board. Kachru’s Three Circle model, which has clearly been cited and revised in the literature, is discussed, showing its contribution and importance to the categorisation of varieties of English in three different developmental stages. A commonly understudied model, a Map of World English, is brought to the fore, showing how the common shortcomings of Kachru’s Three Circle Model have already been accounted for in the literature. The other main contribution in this paper is the proposal of a model accounting for the evolution of outer circle varieties of English from the perspective of the Nigerian variety of English. In other words, the historical events involving the evolution of Nigerian English are clearly permissible for studying such similar outer varieties as Ghanaian, Singaporean, and Indian English, except for idiosyncratic socio-political events that are less relevant in the development of the language over time.
3
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Relativiser Alternation and Relative Clause Complexity: Insights from Nigerian and American Varieties

86%
Mayowa A.
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
|
2020
|
issue 29/2
91-113
EN
Idiosyncrasies and peculiarities distinguishing new Englishes from the established ones are often identified and measured by examining the extent to which structural choices and patterns vary across the board. The competition between relativisers wh- and that in the construction of relative clause, which itself is a structurally complex-versus-simple construction site, allows for showing the extent to which choice of a relativiser relates to the construction of a complex or simple relative clause, given different factors. On the other hand, such investigation can also shed some light on the extent to which structural com- plexity characterises new varieties of English. Relying on 628 relative clauses drawn from written academic corpus, the study shows that WH-relativiser is preferred to THAT-relativiser by the Nigerian speakers, and vice versa by the American speakers. It is also found that WH-relative clause is more likely to be complex-structured while THAT-relative clause is more likely to be simple-structured. Among eight factors tested for independent effects, the factors representing relativiser posterior syntactic form, syntactic function, and syntactic positioning of the relative clause appeared to be strong predictors of where we might (not) find a certain relativiser and whether a complex or simple relative clause will emerge.
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