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Witold Rawita-Witanowski (1899-1945) - współpracownik noblisty Otto Loewiego (1873-1961), dziekan Wydziału Farmaceutycznego Uniwersytetu Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie (1938-1939)

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Celnik H., Witanowska J.

Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny

2017

vol. 80

19-29

Profesor Witold Rawita-Witanowski, biochemik i fizjolog, stypendysta Fundacji Rockefellera, został uznany w świecie - w latach 20. XX w. - wysokiej klasy specjalistą w pionierskich badaniach w dziedzinie fizjologii nerwów. Uznanie przyniosła mu m.in. współpraca z Otto Loewim, który za badania nad neuromediatora- mi otrzymał w 1936 r. Nagrodę Nobla. Loewi w wykładzie noblowskim wymienił trzech swoich znakomitych współpracowników, w tym Rawitę-Witanowskiego. Zarówno Loewi, jak i Rawita-Witanowski publikowali prace w prestiżowym „Pflugers Archiv fur die gesamte- Physiologie des Menschen und der Tiere”. Po powrocie do kraju doceniono jego nieprzeciętne zdolności oraz gruntowne wykształcenie biologiczno-chemiczne: Ra- wita-Witanowski objął kierownictwo Katedry i Zakładu Farmakognozji Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, zajmując się badaniami chemicznymi roślin leczniczych. W 1937 r. objął kierownictwo Katedry Badania Środków Żywności Wydziału Farmaceutycznego Uniwersytetu Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie i wkrótce po tym został wybrany dziekanem tego Wydziału, pełniąc swoją funkcję do wybuchu II wojny światowej. W czasie niemieckiej okupacji brał udział w tajnym nauczaniu studentów farmacji w Warszawie. Po upadku Powstania Warszawskiego został wywieziony do obozu koncentracyjnego w Ravensbruck. Zginął w obozie Mittelbau, z numerem więźnia 11 4707, niemalże w przededniu zakończenia wojny - w marcu 1945 r., o czym jego synowie dowiedzieli się dopiero po ponadtrzydziestolet- nich poszukiwaniach ojca - w 1978 r. Nazwisko Profesora znajduje się na tablicy upamiętniającej profesorów i pracowników Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, którzy stracili życie w czasie II wojny światowej.

Professor Witold Rawita-Witanowski, biochemist and physiologist, holder of Rockefeller fellowship has attained worldwide prestige, since early nineteen twenties, as a top class expert in pioneering research relating to neurophysiology. This started with his close collaboration with Otto Loewi, whose pioneering work in the field of chemical neuromediators was well under way at that time, and finally brought him a Nobel prize in 1936. In his Nobel lecture, the laureate explicitly refers to his three “distinguished collaborators”, including W. Witanowski. Moreover, as far as the part of Loewi's research that brought him the Nobel prize is concerned, there were eleven articles in the renowned journal “Pflugers Archiv fur die gesamte Physiologie des Men- schen und der Tiere”, nine solely authored by Loewi, the last one co-authored by Navratil, while Witanowski was the lone author of the eighth publication in the series. Toward the end of his research activity, in his account on nerve physiology published in ‘Experientia' in 1956, Otto Loewi quotes the latter publication in the first place. Upon return to Poland, Rawita-Witanow- ski's expertise in biochemistry and physiology was duly appreciated, and he was appointed head of the chair of pharmacognosy at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, where his research was oriented towards chemical identification of biologically active constituents of natural origin that endow with medical properties a broad spectrum of plants and animals. In 1937, he moved to Warsaw, and took the chair of nutritional sciences at the faculty of pharmacy of the University. Shortly after that, he was elected head of the faculty and kept this position till the beginning of the German occupation of Warsaw after the outbreak of World War II, when the University was finally closed. During the occupation, he was active in secret university courses for students of pharmacy. Upon the fall of Warsaw Uprising in summer 1944, he was sent to the German concentration camp KL Ravensbruck, from where he was transferred to the concentration camp KL Mittelbau, as prisoner number 114707, where he died, in March 1945, officially from pneumonia. This piece of information reached his family as late as more than thirty years after his death. The Professor's name is shown on the memorial tablet located within the courtyard of the University of Warsaw main campus and dedicated to all of the faculty members who lost their lives during the war.

Nominacije Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić za Nobelovu nagradu

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Jug S., Engler T.

Libri & Liberi

2014

vol. Volume 3

issue No.2

355-424

Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (1874 − 1938) bila je nominirana za Nobelovu nagradu za književnost četiri puta. Njezin opus uključuje dva sasvim iznimna i hvaljena djela dječje književnosti trajne vrijednosti, Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića (1913.) i Priče iz davnine (1916.). Spisateljicu je za Nobelovu nagradu 1931. i 1935. godine nominirao Gavro Manojlović, a 1937. i 1938. zajednički Gavro Manojlović i Albert Bazala, obojica profesori Filozofskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu i, svaki u svoje vrijeme, predsjednici Jugoslavenske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti u Zagrebu. Njihovi su prijedlozi kojima se Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić kandidira za Nobelovu nagradu za književnost na njemačkome jeziku. Nominacijski dokumenti, uz formalne i općenite podatke o njezinu životu i pisanju, sadrže i studiju Gavre Manojlovića, napisanu već za prvu nominaciju 1931. Faksimile originalnih tekstova četiriju prijedloga i prvu inačicu Manojlovićeve studije, u obliku u kojemu su ti dokumenti zaprimljeni u Švedskoj akademiji, donosimo u ovome broju časopisa Libri & Liberi, popraćene hrvatskim prijevodom.

Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (1874 − 1938) was nominated for the Nobel Prize four times for her literary merit. She was a Croatian author whose works include two exceptional and praised children’s books of lasting value: Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića [The Strange Adventures of Hlapich the Apprentice] (1913), and Priče iz davnine [Tales of Long Ago] (1916). She was nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1931 and 1935 by Gavro Manojlović, and in 1937 and 1938 by Gavro Manojlović and Albert Bazala, both professors at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Zagreb, and, in their times, presidents of the South Slavic Academy of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb. Their Nobel Prize proposals are written in German. The nominating documents include formal data and general information about Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić’s life and her writings, and also incorporate a study written by Gavro Manojlović The facsimiles of the original texts of these four proposals and the first version of Manojlović’s study, as they were received by the Swedish Academy, are reprinted in this issue of Libri & Liberi, accompanied by a translation in Croatian.

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Witold Rawita-Witanowski (1899-1945) - współpracownik noblisty Otto Loewiego (1873-1961), dziekan Wydziału Farmaceutycznego Uniwersytetu Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie (1938-1939)

Nominacije Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić za Nobelovu nagradu