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1
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Gendered Figurational Strategies in Norbert Elias’s Sociology

100%
Bucholc M.
Polish Sociological Review
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2011
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vol. 176
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issue 4
425-436
EN
Norbert Elias conceptualized social inequality as a result of shift in relative social forces of individuals in figurations, in which framework he also viewed the inequality between men and women. In this paper I examine the main thesis of what could be named Elias’s gender sociology: firstly, men and women use different strategies in their striving for an increase in relative power depending on their social position, and secondly, one of the most effective strategies which may be successfully used by the weaker party in order to change the distribution of power between the sexes is redefining the arsenal of cultural weapons used in this struggle. The antagonism between men and women trying to draw as much power as possible to themselves in the zero-sum social game can become very fierce, especially if the use of physical violence is legitimized on a respective level of civilization. On the other hand, according to Elias’s basic theoretical assumptions all individuals in a figuration are interrelated and interdependent, which restrains direct violence as well as suppresses radical liberation tendencies. This makes it easier for women to engage in strategies of coping with oppression on institutional, symbolic and proxemic level, which are discussed in the final part of the paper.
2
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Procesy monopolizacji i państwo w myśli Norberta Eliasa

89%
Cymbrowski B.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2022
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vol. 66
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issue 4
45-65
EN
The main aim of the article is to discuss the concept of the European state in Norbert Elias’ works. Elias’ major books, The Court Society and The Civilizing Process, contain an interesting concept of the state, which to some extent is similar to interpretations of the state found in postwar works on historical macrosociology (especially those written in the US), but also has special features and is thereby in keeping with the originality of the Eliasian oeuvre. Sources used by Elias in his analysis of the state are highlighted in the article, especially those that also became important for other historical sociologists studying the development of the state. Attention focuses on early modernity, and in particular on absolutism as a form of government crucial to the development of centralised administrative institutions.
3
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„Outsider” w procesie cywilizowania. Wokół tożsamości kibiców piłkarskich

89%
Kossakowski R.
Stan Rzeczy
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2021
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issue 1(20) Drapieżne tożsamości
47-75
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie historii kibicowania piłkarskiego w Polsce w kontekście eliasowskiego procesu cywilizowania.. Autor tekstu, opierając się badaniach empirycznych (wywiady pogłębione z kibicami, analiza treści czasopism i stron internetowych powiązanych z treścią kibicowską), śledzi przemiany w postawach i zachowaniach kibiców piłkarskich. Analiza kultury kibicowania pozwala wskazać rozwijające się wymiary tej kultury, jej „profesjonalizację” i funkcjonalne zróżnicowanie. Daje się bowiem zauważyć, że wiele aspektów tej kultury ucywilizowało swój charakter, co dotyczy zarówno unormowania aktów przemocy, jak i na przykład angażowania się w działalność społeczną. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że głównym budulcem kultury kibicowania jest antagonistycznie – czy wręcz drapieżnie – zorientowana tożsamość, której głównym komponentem jest opozycja do różnych aktorów społecznych.
EN
The main aim of this article is to present the history of football fandom in Poland in the context of Elias’s civilising process. The article is based on empirical research (in-depth interviews with football fans; content analysis of magazines and websites) and follows changes in the attitudes and behaviour of football fans. An analysis of fandom culture allows us to indicate the developing dimensions of this culture, its “professionalisation” and functional differentiation. Many aspects of this culture have become more “civilised” in nature, both in terms of regulating acts of violence and, for example, promoting engagement in social activities. The analyses show that the main building block of fandom culture is an antagonistically – or even predatorily – oriented identity, whose main components are in opposition to various social actors.
4
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Złożoność nie do udźwignięcia: utopie jedności, utopie różnicy

89%
Bucholc M.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2013
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issue 4(211)
19-35
PL
Złożoność społeczna jest jednym z najważniejszych problemów, z jakimi mierzy się dziś socjologia. Tekst rozpoczyna się od krótkiego spojrzenia na źródła naszego dzisiejszego myślenia o złożoności, które prowadzi do diagnozy dwóch podejść do złożoności w socjologii, określonych jako jej redukcja i eskalacja. Następnie krótko zarysowana zostaje analogia między tymi podejściami a dwoma rodzajami wiedzy praktycznej wytwarzanej w odpowiedzi na problem złożoności, czyli utopiami jedności i różnicy. Tekst kończy się próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy zaangażowanie w myśleniu o złożoności nie stanowi przeszkody w jego właściwej diagnozie.
EN
Social complexity is one of the main problems which sociology is facing nowadays. The article begins with a short overview of sources of contemporary ideas of complexity, which leads towards a diagnosis of two sociological approaches to complexity, which are called “reduction” and “escalation” of complexity. Next, a short analogy is drawn between the two approaches and two kinds of practical knowledge produced as an answer to the problem of complexity, which are utopias of unity and utopias of difference. The text concludes with an attempt to answer the question whether the engagement (involvement) in our thinking about complexity is not a handicap in our efforts adequately to diagnose the problem.
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25 LAT PO KOMUNIZMIE W EUROPIE: ZJAWISKA, PROBLEMY I TEORETYCZNE WYJAŚNIENIA: The individualization process – constructive or destructive for communal ties? Deliberations on Norbert Elias’s ideas

88%
Peisert A.
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
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2016
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vol. 17(1)
71-80
PL
In this article I consider whether the process of individualization inescapably disturbscommunal ties. This is an especially important question when we consider social changesin Central Europe 25 years after the political transformation My deliberation followsthe main ideas of Norbert Elias, presented in The society of individuals. He argued thatthe development of human communities is heading towards integration on human-widelevel community. The question is, how do communal ties change during this process inCentral Europe.
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25 YEARS AFTER THE COMMUNISM IN EUROPE: PHENOMENA, PROBLEMS AND TEORETICAL EXPLANATIONS: The individualization process – constructive or destructive for communal ties? Deliberations on Norbert Elias’s ideas

88%
Peisert A.
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
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2016
|
vol. 17(1)
71-80
EN
In this article I consider whether the process of individualization inescapably disturbscommunal ties. This is an especially important question when we consider social changesin Central Europe 25 years after the political transformation My deliberation followsthe main ideas of Norbert Elias, presented in The society of individuals. He argued thatthe development of human communities is heading towards integration on human-widelevel community. The question is, how do communal ties change during this process inCentral Europe.
7
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On the Potential of Norbert Elias’s Approach in the Social Memory Research in Central and Eastern Europe

75%
Bucholc M.
Polish Sociological Review
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2013
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vol. 183
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issue 3
317-334
EN
Norbert Elias never presented his views regarding collective memory in a systematic manner. However, his approach may be reconstructed on the basis of such works as The Civilizing Process, Time: An Essay and The Symbol Theory. The most important tenet of Elias is that human memory can only be explained by the symbol theory. Human ability to use socially created symbols in communication is applied in activities in which symbols are used (speaking, thinking, knowing and remembering), which makes memory a part of general process of symbolic communication. Memory research needs to account for the interactive and communicational origins of both individual and collective remembering. One of the crucial issues related to remembering is collective forgetting. According to Elias it operates by three main mechanisms: (1) elimination and creation of fantastic notions (fantasy being a substitute and subsidiary for experience), (2) modification of social canons of reference as a result of power struggle in social figurations, and (3) delegitimization of alternative imageries by means of marginalization or elimination of groups acting as their social vehicles. I discuss these mechanisms and the dynamics of memory they entail in the broader conceptual framework of the theory of civilizing processes referring to Central and Eastern European examples in order to demonstrate the productivity of Elias’s interdisciplinary and multidimensional analysis in social memory studies focusing this region.
8
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Sociogeneze přemyslovského knížectví: Teorie Norberta Eliase a raný český stát

75%
Kalenda J.
Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)
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2012
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vol. 1-2
95-119
EN
This study deals with application of the Norbert Elias's theory of sociogenesis to the case of early Czech state formation. For this purpose we focus on the mechanisms of emergence and establishing of the state monopoly, as well as on the aspects of decentralization and privatization of state power during reign of first Premyslid dukes - from 860 to 1230 AD. In the second place, the article tries to compare the process of sociogenesis in the Western Europe with the dynamics of state formation that was typical for the contemporary Czech lands. In this context we claim that Elias made several mistakes, because he supposed that features and mechanisms of state formation were fairly unitary everywhere Europe. We try to challenge this notion show that the history of state making in the Central European region has many autonomous and unique aspects that differentiate it from social dynamics in other parts of the continent. From this critical pointof view, the article attempts a reformulation of Elias's theory for the Central European area.
9
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Figuracja disco polo: ilustracja muzyczna polskiej transformacji

71%
Choczyński M.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
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2020
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vol. 64
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issue 4
74-96
PL
This article attempts a sociological analysis of a specific musical trend – disco polo – through the prism of the figuration theory proposed by Norbert Elias. Street music of the 1990s was an extremely accurate musical illustration of the period of systemic transformations in Poland, because disco polo’s characteristic elements (e.g., kitsch, impermanence, and banality, as well as optimism, a sense of community, and freshness) were combined with social feelings and attitudes toward the rapidly changing reality. Disco polo documented the social life of the time, as is visible in its symbolic layer as well as in its purely musical arrangement: it was the hallmark of a generation.
10
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Pacyfikacja, ryzyko i zaangażowanie w późnym kapitalizmie

71%
Bucholc M.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2016
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issue 2(221)
41-61
PL
Punktem wyjścia dla artykułu jest rozdarcie tradycji socjologicznej pomiędzy poszukiwaniem neutralnego spojrzenia na swój przedmiot a społecznym zaangażowaniem. Autorka pokazuje, że napięcie to od ponad wieku nadaje rytm rozwojowi myśli społecznej oraz instytucji badawczych i akademickich. Analizuje trzy wątki we wspólnej historii socjologii i kultury kapitalizmu: pacyfikację, przemoc i ryzyko. Podkreśla rolę neutralności dla pacyfikacji kultury Zachodu. Twierdzi, że w późnym kapitalizmie dominującą tendencją w myśleniu o naukach społecznych jest zaangażowanie, co sprawia, że socjologia częściej podsyca społeczne lęki, niż sprzyja – jak neutralne postawy badawcze – pacyfikacji.
EN
The starting point is the chiasm in the sociological tradition between the quest for a neutral perspective and the social engagement. The author demonstrates that this chiasm has dictated the rhythm of the developments in social thought and research and academic institutions for more than a century. She analyzes three motifs in the common history of sociology and capitalistic culture: pacification, violence and risk. She also stresses the importance of detachment for the pacification in the Western culture. She claims that in late capitalism involvement has become a dominant tendency in thinking about social sciences, for which reason sociology is more of a fuel-provider for social fears than the factor favoring pacification, which is reserved for detached research attitude.
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Holizm, indywidualizm, personalizm: od dualizmu platońskiego do sporu o źródło i status ludzkiej jednostkowości (N. Elias, I. Berlin, R. Rorty)

63%
Ambożewicz Z.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
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2015
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vol. 30
89-108
EN
Individualism as a way of feeling and comprehension of reality has been a basic element of Western civilization for a long time. In 20th century individualism was criticized by personalism and similar currents. I shall point to the dualistic source (Platonic, Christian, Cartesian and Kantian) of the personalist criticism of individualism which also was, in my opinion, more or less apparent inspiration of later sociological and social-anthropological research on relationships between individual and society. I also try to answer what the social or ontological status of commonly accepted modern individualistic values is.
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