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EN
The author proves once again that the history of lexical items is the history of lexical fields. The analysis is based on extensive material, excerpted also from less known Old Polish sources. Polilexy (with clearly bounded centre and the peripheries) is typical for the history of the field of 'ACCUSATIO'. The elements were changing over the years. In the Old Polish the centre was dominated by mourning which was during the 16th century replaced by plaint. The modern composition of the field (plaint, accusation, appeal, charge) was formed during the 18th century.
EN
The article describes heterogeneous appositional phrases as attributive possessive expression in the Old Polish, e.g. 'posel pana Szczepanow' (when adjectival modifier accommodates to the constituent member of a compound noun phrase and subordinate noun stands in genitive). The authoress, on the basis of the Great Poland's oaths of the 14th and 15th centuries, shows different types of such syntactic structures and presents the thesis that the dominate role of adjective as the expression of possessive relation caused the heterogeneity of these phrases. The authoress also points at the process of stabilization of appositional phrases we can observe in the Middle Age, the increasing role of possessive nouns and levelling processes in the scope of attributive appositional phrases.
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EN
The paper tries to answer the question whether the first creators of the national Polish literature might have known native poetical system. The author demonstrates the continuity of folk tradition and points out certain phenomena characteristic for folk poetry that might have contributed to literary texts at that time. He underlines the lack of cultural diversity of Old Polish society and shows elements that built contemporary folk texts: constant epithets, formulas, characteristic lexis etc.
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