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Arthur Schnitzler, writer and playwright, and Sigmund Freud, famous psychoanalyst - both with medical background - lived and were active in Vienna at the same time, and in the same milieu. This unity of time and place did not bring them close to each other. The author of the paper sketches the history of their superficial acquaintance. She presents Freud's worries about the 'twin' soul of Schnitzler, as well draws the picture of Schnitzler's attitude towards the creator of psychoanalysis. In Schnitzler, Freud saw intuition and ability to self-observe rather than careful analysis appropriate for a scientist, that were of the biggest importance to him. On the other hand, Schnitzler distanced himself from Freud's theory, though he introduced many motives found in Freud into his works - he owned them both to Freud and to his own invention, sensitivity and his own investigative attitude. The deeper analysis of both Freud and Schnitzler, according to the authoress, does not make Freud's claim about the twin-like similarity at all plausible. The claim that there are important differences seems to make more sense. Schnitzler was not only a theoretician and not intended to make more general points based on his observations but also was quite averse to systematic work. By insisting on 'worrying multiplicity of specific cases', he draw different conclusions - unlike Freud - from the same cases.
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