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1

The Portrait of England in Henry James’s International Novels

100%

Lupu D.-G.

Romanian Journal of English Studies

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2012

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vol. 9

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issue 1

263-275

EN

In his international novels, Henry James builds the image of England through the eyes of the American characters that travel in this country. London is the perfect setting for his international novels, as it becomes an integral part of the person or the action he is narrating.

2

Immigrants Descent and its Expression in American Culture and Language in the 20th Century

67%

Zygmunt R.

Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal

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2022

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vol. 1

169-180

EN

It is undoubtable that the immigration to the US is largely due to the steady ow of fresh minds and a new spirit that inuences the development of the American society. These new forces help protect the American society from the stagnation experienced in the Old World. The importance of immigrant experiences puts the United States on the brink of a very dicult, but often successful combination of the new and the old. Beyond question, this is true, especially regarding twentieth-century emigrants such as Eva Homan or the family of Alfred Kazin. Although Vladimir Nabokov having been himself an exception, not easy to categorize as writer, in his life as an ØmigrØ in the USA, he could also prove that the absorption of the American culture and language to a large extent took place, and was fruitful. For much of the twentieth century, the immigrant osmosis of the New World was associated with assimilation to the highly desirable, largely monolithic, English culture of the East Coast.

3

From Eastern European Rooted Immigrant Circle to the Mainstream of American Culture an Alfred Kazin's Transition

67%

Zygmunt R.

Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal

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2021

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vol. 1

193-205

EN

Tracing the process of immigrants' transition, it appears that in the twentieth century children of Eastern European, mainly Jewish immigrants were trying to get rid of the European past of their parents as quickly as possible in order to take the full advantage of American culture. This attitude brought serious changes in family values, social ties, and religious traditions among immigrants' children, which was vividly presented in Kazin's works. Moving straight toward their American future often meant leaving the Old World heritage and language behind. Many of the immigrant children regarded this type of attitude as another logical step in their development. But although this incorporation into the mainstream of the American culture was fruitful, some of them experienced a deep sense of irreversible loss over their past.

4

Eva Hoffman’s Brief Encounter with Émigré Life and Immigrant Community Before Entering the Culture of the New World

60%

Zygmunt R.

Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal

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2018

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vol. 1/2018

89-106

EN

When looking at Eva Hoffman’s life story through Lost in Translation, it is evident that the word “translation” has two independent meanings. It is connected both with the emigration of her family to the New World, and with Hoffman’s identity and language change. The importance of learning a new language as a medium of translation to a new culture is strongly stressed by Hoffman. As being an immigrant was treated as just a brief interval in her life, she decided to translate herself entirely into English, even though different parts of her personality were still present, which was well visible when she asked herself the same questions in English and Polish and reached entirely different answers. The main goal for Hoffman appeared to be connected with obtaining a solid education in the New World, which she achieved by graduating from Harvard University. This was a confirmation of Eva Hoffman’s assimilationsuccess.

PL

Patrząc na historię życia Ewy Hoffman poprzez pryzmat Lost in Translation, oczywiste jest, że słowo "tłumaczenie" ma dwa niezależne znaczenia. Związane jest to zarówno z emigracją jej rodziny do Nowego Świata, jak i z przemianą tożsamości i języka Hoffman. Doniosłość opanowania nowego języka jako medium przejścia w nową kulturę jest mocno podkreślana przez Hoffman. Jako że bycie imigrantem zostało potraktowane jako krótka przerwa w swoim życiu, zdecydowała się ona całkowicie przejść na angielski, mimo że wciąż obecne były w niej różne osobowości. Było to szczególnie dobrze widoczne, gdy zadawała sobie te same pytania po angielsku i po polsku i osiągała zupełnie inne odpowiedzi. Główny cel Hoffman wydawał się być związany z uzyskaniem solidnego wykształcenia w Nowym Świecie, które zdobyła dzięki ukończeniu Uniwersytetu Harvarda. Było to potwierdzenie sukcesu asymilacyjnego Ewy Hoffman.

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3 Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal

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The Portrait of England in Henry James’s International Novels

Immigrants Descent and its Expression in American Culture and Language in the 20th Century

From Eastern European Rooted Immigrant Circle to the Mainstream of American Culture an Alfred Kazin's Transition

Eva Hoffman’s Brief Encounter with Émigré Life and Immigrant Community Before Entering the Culture of the New World