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The author discusses Magdalena Rewerenda’s approach to the relationship between the theater and the archive, as proposed in her book Performatywne archiwum teatru: Konsekwencje Nie-Boskiej komedii. Szczątków Olivera Frljicia [The Performative Archive of Theater: The Consequences of Theater of The Un-Divine Comedy. Remains by Oliver Frljić] (Toruń 2020). The reviewer focuses on the strategies used by artists and researchers to redefine the notion of the archive and reveal its revolutionary potential. She is interested in Rewerenda’s analyses of theater projects by Oliver Frljić and Weronika Szczawińska / Agnieszka Jakimiak, and of social and media performances provoked by them that foreground categories such as trauma, decorum, canon, and national institutions. The review also follows Rewerenda’s search for a new definition of the theater archive as a performative archive, highlighting its role in the clash between theater archons and archive anarchists (“anarchivists”) who challenge existing hierarchies.
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The subject of the article is the circumstances of the production of The Curse, directed by Oliver Frljić, at the Teatr Rozrywki (Entertainment Theatre) in Chorzow in August 2017 as part of the Wakacyjny Przegląd Przedstawień (Holiday Performance Festival). This was the first presentation of this play outside the house of the Powszechny Theatre in Warsaw. For a few weeks while the show was on sale nothing foreshadowed the subsequent protests to block its presentation. Recalling the events of five years ago, I do not only reconstruct the course of events, but also analyse the documentation that could be collected at the theatre and the experiences of the staff, as well as the role of the media, the Catholic Church and local politicians in the creation of events. The actions aimed at cancelling the performance fall into the category that Grzegorz Niziołek calls censorship of passion as the passionate emotions surrounding the performance significantly influenced the way it was organised.
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This essay investigates the notion of humour as a tool used to highlight the acts of self-censorship in theatre and performing arts and its subversive potential. By referring to the examples from the process of working on the Imaginary Europe performance directed by Oliver Frljić, the essay problematizes the acts of self-prevention committed by artists who decide to withdraw a certain figure of speech in order not to cause harm towards minorities or underprivileged groups. I revisit theories that tackle humour and reveal its complexity (Billig, McGowan and Zupančič), and I refer to the work of artists who combine humour with self-reflection in the process of undermining and questioning theatrical hierarchies and mechanisms of power.
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This article covers the works of the Croatian director Oliver Frljić from the perspective of the political influence of his performances. The frame for this research is Walter Benjamin’s historiosophical concept of „angel of history” and Chantal Mouffe’s theory of agonism concentrated on positive aspects of political conflicts. The author situates the director’s theatrical activities and his biography (especially his personal experience of the Yugoslav Wars) as a tool for understanding inexorable nationalistic tendencies in contemporary Europe. Frljić’s strategy of creating “radical fiction” and strong, shocking images is analysed as a vehicle for breaking the postdemocratic and postpolitical order. It means that theatre can be treated as a new form of protest and political subjectivity. For this reason Frljić’s performances are concerned with social debates about refreshing democracy
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The people against Oliver Frljić, or Poland after The CurseIn the spring of 2017, the play entitled The Curse, directed by Oliver Frljić premiered at one of Warsaw theatres. It was not the first attempt to perform in Poland on the part of the Croatian director, well known as a controversial artist whose plays discuss social and political issues. His previous appearances on Polish stages usually evoked an air of scandal. The content of The Curse, too, had its producers investigated by the state prosecutors soon after its premiere; and blasphemy and incitement to crime in the theatre were discussed in the public sphere. The Curse is a loose adaptation of Stanisław Wyspiański’s drama, originally written in 1899. It deals provocatively with questions about modern religiousness and non-religiousness, touching upon relations between the Polish Catholic Church and the state, and upon national identity in contemporary Poland.This paper is focused on reactions to Frljić’s play, especially on different ways of expressing public anger as the most frequent reaction; it shows how politicians, members of religious and nationalist groups and other protesters became part of the performance. It aims to explain the success of one of the most scandalous theatrical ventures in Poland, describes the peculiarity of the Polish context, the dynamics of reaction of opponents and students of Frljić’s activities, and shows the lasting consequences as well as the performative potential of the Croatian director’s presence in the Polish public sphere. A very important circumstance in researching The Curse is that – as emphasized both in the performance itself and in the public debate – Polish national values were criticized by an outsider, in other words, by the Other.The article pays particular attention to two contexts: one is engaged theatre’s potential to transcend its own boundaries and influence the social and political reality; the other is the author’s personal participation in Frljić’s performance. Naród przeciwko Frljiciowi albo Polska po KlątwieWiosną 2017 roku w jednym z warszawskich teatrów premierę miał spektakl Klątwa w reżyserii Olivera Frljicia. To nie był debiut reżysera w Polsce, jego poprzednim działaniom na polskich scenach towarzyszyła atmosfera skandalu. Frljić jest znany jako kontrowersyjny artysta, którego sztuka dotyka sprawa społecznych i politycznych. Wkrótce po premierze prokuratura wszczęła postępowanie przeciwko realizatorom spektaklu, w związku z jego treścią; namawianie do zbrodni i bluźnierstwo w teatrze zdominowały dyskusje w sferze publicznej. Klątwa to luźna adaptacja dramatu Wyspiańskiego, napisana w 1899 roku. Prowokuje pytaniami o współczesną religijność i niereligijność, dotyka relacji między Kościołem katolickim a państwem, porusza także kwestie związane z tożsamością narodową we współczesnej Polsce.Artykuł koncentruje się na reakcjach na spektakl Olivera Frljicia, zwłaszcza na temat różnych sposobów wyrażania publicznego gniewu; pokazuje, jak politycy, członkowie grup religijnych i ugrupowań nacjonalistycznych oraz inni protestujący, stali się częścią przedstawienia. Tekst ma na celu wyjaśnienie sukcesu jednego z najbardziej skandalicznych przedsięwzięć teatralnych w Polsce, opisuje specyfikę polskiego kontekstu, dynamikę reakcji przeciwników i badaczy działań Frljicia, ale pokazuje także trwałe konsekwencje oraz performatywny potencjał obecności chorwackiego reżysera w polskiej sferze publicznej. Istotnym dla badań czynnikiem jest eksponowany i w spektaklu, i w debacie publicznej fakt, że polskie wartości narodowe zostały skrytykowane przez Innego/Obcego.Rozważania zostały przedstawione w kontekście oczywistego dla teatru zaangażowanego potencjału do przekraczania własnych granic, ingerowania w sprawy społeczne i polityczne, ale także w kontekście osobistego udziału autorki artykułu w spektaklu Frljića.
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