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Roczniki Humanistyczne
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2021
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vol. 69
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issue 12
141-152
EN
One of the first instruments that was produced in Silesia in the spirit of the Orgelbewegung was the organ of the Youth Leisure and Training Centre in Kłodzko-Jurandów. This centre, founded on the initiative of Richard Poppe, became a source of renewal for the Singbewegung in Eastern Germany. The instrument, called Ver sacrum (Sacred Spring), was meant to commemorate and remind everyone of all those who had sacrificed themselves and given their lives for their Fatherland (in particular, the fallen soldiers of the First World War). The organ was built in 1929 by the Sauer company from Frankfurt/Oder (opus 1400). It had 27 stops (including 21 real stops), and pneumatic key and stop action with Taschenlade windchests. The organ disposition was designed by Christhard Mahrenholz, Ph.D., one of the leaders of the Orgelbewegung. Even though, musically, the instrument draws on the organ ideal from the Bach era, its mechanism perfectly reflects the achievements of organ construction of the twentieth century. In late 1945, the instrument was relocated to the Trinity parish church in Strzelce near Kutno.
PL
Do pierwszych instrumentów powstałych na Śląsku w duchu Orgelbewegung należały organy Młodzieżowego Ośrodka Wypoczynkowo-Szkoleniowego w Kłodzku-Jurandowie. Ośrodek ten, założony z inicjatywy Richarda Poppego, stał się centrum odnowy ruchu śpiewaczego dla Niemiec wschodnich. Instrument nazwany Ver sacrum, czyli „Święta wiosna” miał upamiętniać i przypominać tych wszystkich, którzy poświęcili i oddali swoje życie za ojczyznę (zwłaszcza poległych w czasie I wojny światowej). Organy zostały wybudowane w 1929 r. przez firmę Sauer z Frankfurtu n. Odrą (opus 1400). Posiadały 27 głosów (w tym 21 realnych) i trakturę pneumatyczną z wiatrownicami typu kieszonkowego. Dyspozycję głosową opracował czołowy przedstawiciel ruchu Orgelbewegung dr Christhard Mahrenholz. O ile w warstwie brzmieniowej instrument nawiązywał do ideału organów z czasów Bacha, to jego mechanizm gry prezentował osiągnięcia XX wieku. Pod koniec 1945 r. organy zostały przekazane do kościoła parafialnego Trójcy Świętej w Strzelcach koło Kutna.
Aspekty Muzyki
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2017
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vol. 7
257-273
EN
The subject of this article is the sound aesthetics of the great organs in the Holy Trinity and Blessed Virgin Mary Archcathedral in Gdańsk-Oliwa, reconstructed in 1935 by Joseph Goebel, a Gdańsk organ builder. This was the most fundamental reconstruction of the famous instrument built in 1763–1788 by Johann Wilhelm Wulff and completed in 1790–1793 by Friedrich Rudolf Dalitz. Initially, it had 83 stops, 3 manuals and a pedal, and until 1855–1856, when Eberhard Fried-rich Walcker and Henry Willis built the 100-stop organs in the cathedral in Ulm and the cathedral in Liverpool, respectively, this was the biggest organ instrument in Europe. Archived expert opinions prove that the instrument was faulty by design whilst its size, in-adequate for the space behind the design, not only made it impossible for the mechanics to work properly, but significantly hindered the adjustment of the mechanism and tuning. In 1967 in his book Theorie und Praxis des Orgelpfeifenklanges: Intonieren und Stimmen Joseph Goebel described the normative foundations laid when developing the plans of the Oliwa organ reconstruction. This was to be an instrument harking back to its Wulff’s prototype, however taking into consideration the contemporary trends in organ building. Goebel was closer to the spirit of Albert Schweitzer than Christian Mahrenholz. Both in his earlier instrument in St. Cross Church in Poznań and in his biggest work — the great organ of the Oliwa Archcathedral — he strived for a synthesis of the most characteristic sound qualities of the instruments of each era and aesthetic circle to enable the performance of a wide spectrum of organ music with as little sound compromise as possible, which distinguished him from other organ builders of the German circle in the first half of the 20th century who followed exclusively Baroque standards.
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