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PARADIGM-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENON OF SCIENCE (Paradigmalny analiz phenomena nauki)

100%
Pereviyazko N. V.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2010
|
issue 3
110-131
EN
A detailed review is contained of the concepts of 'scientific paradigm' (its origin, introduction and interpretation by T. Kuhn and others), 'category of philosophy', 'categorical structure'; 'socio-cultural analysis of scientific knowledge'; science in a broad sense (traditional science) and conceptual science as a product of the Western civilization, and their distinction; socio-economic and intellectual context of science. An extensive critical analysis of the phenomenon of science globalization and the need for rethinking the science phenomenon in interpretation by a Russian philosopher A. Duguin in his book 'Evolution of paradigm-based principles' is given. A theory of fundamental paradigms that constitute the higher integral spiritual and historical constants determining the other cultural and civilization processes is offered. According to this theory, the contemporary world is represented by the five fundamental paradigms: theocentric, based on the orthodox Christian teaching; anthropocentric, based on catholic and protestant teaching; substantiocentric, based on religious and philosophic teachings of India and Far East; anthropocentric and substantiocentric paradigm of the Muslim world; Talmudist paradigm which is explicitly antichristian. Following it, science belongs to the anthropocentric fundamental paradigm which, through its social phenomena, contributes in creation and changes of scientific paradigms.
2

Contemporary Economic Theory - Continuation or the Search for a New Paradigm?

80%
Wojtyna A.
Ekonomista
|
2008
|
issue 1
9-32
EN
The article aims to discuss the recent turmoil in economic theory and the way it responds to criticisms. The author argues that this response takes two parallel forms. On the one hand, advances in behavioral economics lead to a deep reconstruction of assumptions underlying the concept of 'homo oeconomicus'. On the other hand, research carried out in the loosely defined area of 'complexity economics' questions the traditional way of understanding the equilibrium and dynamics of economic systems. Due to article's size limits other interesting developments in institutional economics, political economics, as well as those related to law and sociology economics have not been addressed. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the mainstream economics significantly extends its subject matter, but at the same time strongly defends its methodology. This process suggests that in the near future one can expect its further opening to those strands in behavioral economics that apply a similar methodology. Given the entangled and transdisciplinary character of 'complexity economics', the early stage of the paradigm shift is likely to be a fairly long-lasting process. However, both developments discussed in the paper will proceed in a mutually reinforcing manner as the research program of behavioral economics constitutes a part of 'complexity economics'.
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